Recombinant vaccine containing feline herpes virus type 1 particularly for treating feline infectious peritonitis

ABSTRACT

The recombinant live vaccine comprises, as vector, a feline herpesvirus comprising and expressing at least one nucleotide sequence encoding a polypeptide, this sequence being inserted into the ORF5 and/or ORF2 sites. Polyvalent vaccine formula and feline herpesvirus DNA fragments.

This application is a division of allowed U.S. application Ser. No. 09/080,044, filed May 15, 1998, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,074,649, as a continuation of PCT/FR96/01830, filed Nov. 19, 1996, designating the U.S. and claiming priority from French application No. 95/14450, filed Nov. 30, 1995.

The present invention relates to vaccines, preferably for cats, produced from recombinant feline herpesviruses, and to the methods for obtaining and preparing these recombinant viruses. In particular, the present invention relates more particularly to the feline herpesvirus recombinants comprising an expression cassette for one or more foreign genes.

Feline infectious rhinotracheitis is caused by feline herpesvirus type 1 (FHV-1). Feline herpesvirus (FHV-1) is classified in the Alphaherpesviridae family. Feline infectious rhinotracheitis is a disease which is very widespread in cats and, in practice, all medicated cats are vaccinated against this viral condition. There are currently several vaccines for preventing infectious rhinotracheitis. These vaccines are either of the attenuated live type, or of the inactivated type (whole virus or purified subunits). The attenuation of the live vaccines currently used has been obtained by repeated passages on cells, and the cause of their attenuation is not known. Furthermore, these vaccines exhibit, in general, a residual virulence and are for this reason administered via the parenteral (subcutaneous or intramuscular) route rather than via the intranasal route (which would nevertheless be the preferred route given the local replication of this virus). Inactivated vaccines exhibit good safety, but their weak immunogenicity requires multiple injections in order to induce a satisfactory protection.

Moreover, domestic cats are exposed to numerous other diseases, and the development of a vaccinal vector which can express various antigens of feline pathogenic agents would make it possible to simplify and improve the efficacy of vaccination programmes.

Finally, among the diseases affecting domestic cats, some are still resistant to conventional vaccinal approaches. The most well known case is that of feline infectious peritonitis caused by a coronavirus (feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) virus or FIPV).

An FHV-1 vector, whose attenuation would be such that it can be administered via the oronasal route in cats without causing local and/or general pathology, and which would allow the induction of a protective immune response both against feline infectious rhinotracheitis and against other feline pathogenic agents would constitute a significant advance in the field of vaccination of domestic feline populations.

A number of FHV genes have already been proposed as insertion sites: Patent Application EP-A-0,447,303 proposed insertion into the RR2 site of alphaherpesviruses, including FHV. The application gives the means for carrying out the insertion into the RR2 site of the turkey herpesvirus (HVT virus). Patent Application WO-A-90 01547 proposes FHV TK-vectors for the expression of heterologous genes. Likewise, Patent Application WO-A-93 09238 proposes a vaccine against feline leukaemia formed of an FHV vector in which an FHV gene has been inserted into the TK gene of the FHV virus. See also along the same lines the articles by R. C. Wardley et al. in J. Gen. Virol. 1992. 73. 1811-1818 and by G. E. Cole et al. in J. Virol. 1990. 64. 4930-4938. Patent Application WO-A-94 03621 proposes insertion into the gI, gE, US9, US10 and US11 genes. Patent Application WO-A-95 00172 proposes inserting a DNA serving as marker into the region of the genome comprising the gI and gE genes. Patent Application EP-A-0,576,092 proposes the open reading frame (ORF) situated between the gC gene and the homologous gene of the HSV-1 UL46 gene as preferential site for insertion into the FHV genome. See also M. J. Willemse et al. in J. Gen. Virol. 1994. 75. 3107-3116.

Various promoters, including those generally commercially available, have been used in the various constructs described in the prior art, among which are the HCMV IE (human CMV immediate early) promoter, the promoter sequence of the LTR region of the RSV virus (Rous Sarcoma Virus), and the SV40 virus early promoter.

The aim of the present invention is to provide a live FHV vaccine, which is attenuated but which has conserved a good capacity for replication in vivo, for immunizing cats against infectious rhinotracheitis.

Another aim of the invention is to provide a recombinant live vaccine based on FHV which is effective against other feline pathogenic agents. In particular, because of the numerous failures observed in vaccination against feline infectious peritonitis with inactivated or attenuated live vaccines, mainly because of the phenomenon of “facilitation” (exacerbation of the disease), the need still exists for a vaccine which is really effective against FIP. Such a vaccine based on a recombinant FHV-1 vector which would be really effective against feline infectious peritonitis, a disease for which no one has yet marketed a satisfactory vaccine, could, in addition, pave the way for highly effective vaccines against other cat diseases such as, for example, and inter alia, feline leukaemia, feline immunodeficiency syndrome due to FIV, or feline panleukopenia.

Yet another aim of the invention is to allow an effective vaccination of cats using the oronasal route.

The applicant has characterized a new part of the FHV genome, in which it has characterized new regions of the FHV virus genome, regions called hereinafter (see Example 3) FHV ORF2 and FHV ORF5, which have proved utilizable for the insertion of foreign genes under conditions which make it possible to meet the objectives set out above.

The subject of the present invention is therefore a recombinant live vaccine using, as vector, a feline herpesvirus comprising, and expressing, at least one nucleotide sequence encoding a polypeptide, this sequence being inserted into the ORF5 site and/or ORF2 site.

Preferably, the inserted sequence encodes an antigenic polypeptide and, preferentially, an antigenic polypeptide of a feline pathogenic agent. Sequences encoding immunomodulatory proteins such as cytokines may also be inserted. According to an advantageous feature, it is possible to combine a sequence encoding a cytokine, and the like, with a sequence encoding an antigen. If necessary, several cytokine sequences may be combined with each other, optionally in combination with one or more sequences encoding antigens.

Insertion into the two sites newly characterized is carried out by simple insertion (without deletion) or after partial or total deletion of the ORFs used as insertion sites.

According to a particularly preferred feature of the invention, insertions and/or deletions are carried out in the two sites described. This feature is particularly adapted to the use of virulent wild-type strains of the FHV-1 virus for obtaining recombinants. It is therefore possible to insert at least one nucleotide sequence into each of the sites, or alternatively to insert into only one site, preferably ORF5, and to delete all or part of the other site.

According to another feature, which applies more to the attenuated vaccinal strains, without being limited thereto, the insertion is carried out in only one of the two sites, preferably the ORF5 site.

The feline herpesviruses according to the invention are preferably FHV viruses type 1.

It is possible to use, in particular, the FHV-1 CO strain in which the sequence of the genomic region (ORF1 to ORF8) is indicated in the sequence listing under the reference SEQ ID No. 1 (see also Table 1 Example 3). The ORF2 site is situated between nucleotides 1655 and 2596. The ORF5 site is situated between nucleotides 5869 and 7113.

For the expression of the foreign genes inserted into the FHV-1 genome according to the present invention, a strong eukaryotic promoter such as, preferentially, a CMV immediate early (IE) promoter will be preferably used. A CMV IE promoter is understood to mean especially a fragment as given in the example as well as its subunits such conserve the same promoter activity. The CMV IE promoter may be the human promoter (HCMV IE) or the murine promoter (MCMV IE), or alternatively a CMV IE promoter of another origin, for example from rats, guinea pigs or pigs.

It will be possible to insert at least two nucleotide sequences into one of the ORF2 or ORF5 sites under the control of different promoters. These may be especially CMV IE promoters of different origins.

According to an advantageous development of the invention, another promoter is combined with the CMV IE promoter according to a tandem arrangement, such as the 5′ ends of both promoters are adjacent therebetween and the transcriptions from these promoters go in opposite directions, which makes it possible to insert, into the region of insertion, two nucleotide sequences, one under the control of the CMV IE promoter, the other under that of the associated promoter. This construct is remarkable in that the presence of the CMV IE promoter, and especially of its enhancer part, may enhance the transcription induced by the associated promoter. As associated promoter, there may be mentioned, for example, a CMV promoter from a species different from the first promoter. It is also possible to envisage other promoters such as the RNA1.8 promoter from the Marek's disease virus (MDV) (G. Bradley et al. J. Virol. 1989. 63. 2534-2542).

The nucleotide sequence inserted into the FHV vector so as to be expressed may be any sequence encoding an antigenic polypeptide of a feline pathogenic agent capable, once expressed under the favourable conditions offered by the invention, of providing immunization leading to an effective protection of the vaccinated animal against the pathogenic agent. It is therefore possible to insert, under the conditions described by the present invention, the nucleotide sequences encoding the antigens of interest for a given disease.

The typical case of the invention is the insertion of at least one nucleotide sequence suitably encoding a polypeptide of the feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIP or FIPV) and, preferably, the FIPV M poly-peptide or the modified FIPV S polypeptide. A recombinant live vaccine is thus obtained which provides, in addition to protection against feline infectious rhinotracheitis, protection against feline infectious peritonitis. If desired, a sequence encoding another antigen of the FIP virus, such as the N protein, the 7b protein and/or the polypeptides encoded by the polymerase (polB) gene of the FIP virus can also be inserted in addition or instead.

Other preferred cases of the invention are the insertion of nucleotide sequences encoding antigens or fragments of antigens of the feline leukaemia virus (FeLV), in particular env, gag and pol genes (Osterhaus A. et al. J. Immunol., 1985. 135. 591-596; Lutz H. Vet. Microbiol. 1990. 23. 131-146; Clark N. et al. JAVMA, 1991. 199. 1433-1443; Thomsen D. et al. J. Gen. Virol., 1992. 73. 1819-1824), of the feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) (Jarrett O. et al. AIDS, 1990, 4 (suppl. 1): S163-S165; Miyazawa T. et al. Arch. Virol; 1994, 134, 221-234; de Rhonde A. et al. Virology, 1994. 198. 257-264), in particular env, gag and pol genes, of the feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) (Carlson J. et al. J. Virol. 1985. 55. 574-582; Martyn J. et al. J. Gen. Virol. 1990. 71, 2747-2753), in particular the VP2 capsid gene, of the feline calicivirus (FCV) (Neill J. et al. J. Virol. 1991. 65. 5440-5447; Carter M. et al. Virology. 1992. 190 443-448), in particular the capsid gene.

A typical case of the invention is a vaccine comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding an antigen of the FIP virus under the control of CMV IE and a nucleotide sequence encoding an antigen of another feline viral disease, especially those mentioned above, under the control of another promoter.

The subject of the present invention is also a polyvalent vaccine formula comprising, in the form of a mixture or to be mixed, at least two recombinant live vaccines as defined above, these vaccines comprising different inserted sequences, especially from different pathogens.

The subject of the present invention is also the FHV viruses modified in one or both ORF2 and ORF5 sites as indicated above.

Its subject is also a method of vaccination, in particular of cats, in which an effective quantity of a vaccine as defined above is administered by any parenteral or local route, but preferably by the oronasal route. The vaccinal dose will be between 10² CCID₅₀ and 10⁷ CCID₅₀. As defined, the vaccine is effective in general after only one administration by the oronasal route. However, repeated administrations may be necessary.

The subject of the present invention is also the DNA fragments comprising all or part of the sequence defined by positions 1 to 8193 on SEQ ID No. 1, especially all or part of the ORF2 and ORF5 sites defined and/or of the flanking sequences located upstream and downstream of these sites, which fragments will be useful as flanking arms for the techniques of homologous recombination with the genome of the parenteral FHV virus. Of course, the invention also relates to the variants of these fragments which correspond to the equivalent sequences of the other FHV strains. The specialist is quite free to choose the regions serving as flanking arms in conjunction with the type of insertion (with or without deletion) or deletion (partial or total) chosen. In general, the flanking arms can thus have from 100 to 800 base pairs.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention will now be described in greater detail with the aid of nonlimiting exemplary embodiments, taken with reference to the drawing, in which:

FIG. 1: sequence of the FHV-1 region (10803 base pairs) and translation of the different open reading frames (ORF) present in this sequence (ORF1 to ORF8).

FIG. 2: Construction of the plasmid pPB107 (donor plasmid for the insertion of expression cassettes into the FHV-1 ORF2 site)

FIG. 3: Construction of the plasmid pPB110 (donor plasmid for the insertion of expression cassettes in the FHV-1 ORF5 site)

FIG. 4: Construction of the expression cassette for the FIPV M gene (plasmid pPB105)

FIG. 5: Construction of the expression cassette for the FIPV S gene (plasmid pPB055)

FIG. 6: Mutagenesis of the A1 site of the FIPV S gene (plasmid pJCA084)

FIG. 7: Mutagenesis of the A2 site of the FIPV S gene (plasmid pJCA085)

FIG. 8: Mutagenesis of the A1+A2 sites of the FIPV S gene (=FIPV S*) (plasmid pJCA087)

FIG. 9: Construction of the expression cassette for the modified FIPV S* gene (mutations in the A1 and A2 sites) (plasmid pPB056)

FIG. 10: Construction of the expression cassette for the FIPV N gene (plasmid pJCA091)

FIG. 11: Construction of the donor plasmid for the insertion of the FIPV M gene expression cassette into the FHV-1 ORF2 site (pPB111)

FIG. 12: Construction of the donor plasmid for the insertion of the FIPV S* gene expression cassette into the FHV-1 ORF2 site (pPB112)

FIG. 13: Construction of the donor plasmid for the insertion of the FIPV N gene expression cassette into the FHV-1 ORF2 site (pPB113)

FIG. 14: Construction of the donor plasmid for the insertion of the FIPV M gene expression cassette into the FHV-1 ORF5 site (pPB114)

FIG. 15: Construction of the donor plasmid for the insertion of the FIPV S* gene expression cassette into the FHV-1 ORF5 site (pPB115)

FIG. 16: Construction of the donor plasmid for the insertion of the FIPV N gene expression cassette into the FHV-1 ORF5 site (pPB116)

The sequence listing SEQ ID for the constructs in the ORF2 and ORF5 sites

SEQ ID No. 1 Complete sequence of the FHV-1 ORF1−−>ORF8 region represented in FIG. 1

SEQ ID No. 2 Partial amino acid sequence ORF FHV-1 ORF1 of FIG. 1

SEQ ID No. 3 Amino acid sequence ORF FHV-1 ORF2 of FIG. 1

SEQ ID No. 4 Amino acid sequence ORF FHV-1 ORF3 of FIG. 1

SEQ ID No. 5 Amino acid sequence ORF FHV-1 ORF4 of FIG. 1

SEQ ID No. 6 Amino acid sequence ORF FHV-1 ORF5 of FIG. 1

SEQ ID No. 7 Amino acid sequence ORF FHV-1 ORF6 of FIG. 1

SEQ ID No. 8 Amino acid sequence ORF FHV-1 ORF7 of FIG. 1

SEQ ID No. 9 Partial amino acid sequence ORF FHV-1 ORF8 of FIG. 1

SEQ ID No. 10 Oligonucleotide JCA054

SEQ ID No. 11 Oligonucleotide JCA055

SEQ ID No. 12 Oligonucleotide PB080

SEQ ID No. 13 Oligonucleotide PB081

SEQ ID No. 14 Oligonucleotide PB082

SEQ ID No. 15 Oligonucleotide PB083

SEQ ID No. 16 Oligonucleotide PB084

SEQ ID No. 17 Oligonucleotide PB085

SEQ ID No. 18 Oligonucleotide JCA056

SEQ ID No. 19 Oligonucleotide JCA057

SEQ ID No. 20 Oligonucleotide PB088

SEQ ID No. 21 Oligonucleotide PB089

SEQ ID No. 22 Oligonucleotide JCA058

SEQ ID No. 23 Oligonucleotide JCA059

SEQ ID No. 24 Oligonucleotide JCA060

SEQ ID No. 25 Oligonucleotide JCA061

SEQ ID No. 26 Oligonucleotide JCA062

SEQ ID No. 27 Oligonucleotide JCA063

SEQ ID No. 28 Oligonucleotide JCA064

SEQ ID No. 29 Oligonucleotide JCA065

SEQ ID No. 30 Oligonucleotide JCA066

SEQ ID No. 31 Oligonucleotide JCA067

SEQ ID No. 32 Oligonucleotide JCA068

SEQ ID No. 33 Oligonucleotide JCA069

EXAMPLES

All the constructions of plasmids were carried out using the standard molecular biology techniques described by Sambrook J. et al. (Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual. 2nd Edition. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. Cold Harbor. New York. 1989). All the restriction fragments used for the present invention were isolated using the “Geneclean” kit (BIO101 Inc. La Jolla, Calif.).

The virus used as parental virus is the CO strain of the feline herpesvirus type 1 (FHV-1). This virus was isolated from renal cells from a newborn kitten whose mother had infectious rhinotracheitis (C. Benoit Jeannin, Doctorat de 3ème cycle thesis, University of Lyon, 1983). The conditions for culturing this virus have already been described (Fargeaud D. et al. Arch. Virol. 1984. 80. 69-82). Briefly, CRFK cells (Crandell Rees Feline Kidney cells) cultured in Eagle's minimum essential minimum (MEM medium) are inoculated with the FHV-1 CO strain using a multiplicity of infection of 1. The infected cells are then incubated at 37° C. for about 36 hours, until a complete cytopathic effect appears.

Example 1 Extraction of the DNA from the Feline Herpes-virus Type 1

After culturing, the supernatant and the lysed cells are harvested and the whole viral suspension is centrifuged at 1000 g for 10 minutes at +4° C. in order to remove the cellular debris. The viral particles are then harvested by ultracentrifugation at 400,000 g for 1 hour at +4° C. The pellet is taken up in a minimum volume of buffer (10 mM Tris, 1 mM EDTA). This concentrated viral suspension is treated with proteinase K (100 μg/ml final) in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) (0.5% final) for 2 hours at 37° C. The viral DNA is then extracted with a phenol/chloroform mixture and then precipitated with 2 volumes of absolute ethanol. After leaving overnight at −20° C., the DNA is centrifuged at 10,000 g for 15 minutes at +4° C. The DNA pellet is dried and then taken up in a minimum volume of sterile ultra-pure water.

Example 2 Isolation of the Genomic RNA from the FIPV 79-1146 Strain and Cloning of the Complementary DNA

The FIPV 79-1146 strain was cultured on CRFK cells in DMEM medium (Gibco). The genomic viral RNA was isolated using the guanidium thiocyanate/phenol/chloroform extraction technique (Chomczynski P. and Sacchi N., Anal. Biochem. 1987. 162. 156-159). Specific oligonucleotides (comprising, at their 5′ ends, restriction sites to facilitate the cloning of the amplified fragments) were synthesized such that they completely cover the coding regions of the genes which should be amplified (M, S and N respectively). The reverse transcription (RT) reaction and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were carried out according to standard techniques (Sambrook J. et al. 1989). Each RT-PCR reaction was performed with a pair of specific amplimers and by taking, as template, the viral genomic RNA extracted. The amplified complementary DNA was extracted with phenol/chloroform/isoamyl alcohol (25:24:1) before being digested with the restriction enzymes.

Example 3 Cloning and Characterization of the FHV-1 ORF1-ORF7 Region (EcoRI D and EcoRI F Fragments)

The genomic DNA purified from the CO strain of the FHV-1 virus was digested with EcoRI and the D (about 9200 bp) and F (7600 bp) fragments were cloned into the vector pBlueScript SKII+ in order to give the plasmids pFHVEcoRID and pFHVEcoRIF respectively. The plasmid pFHVEcoRID was digested with EcoRI and PstI and the EcoRI-PstI fragment of 979 bp was isolated and ligated with the vector pBS-SKII+, previously digested with EcoRI and PstI to give the plasmid pPB050. The plasmid pFHVEcoRID was digested with PstI and the 2388 bp PstI-PstI fragment was isolated and ligated with the vector pBS-SKII+, previously digested with PstI to give the plasmid pPB051. The inserts contained in the plasmids pFHVEcoRIF, pPB050 and pPB051 were completely sequenced on both strands to give the sequence of FIG. 1 (SEQ ID No. 1).

Several open reading frames of more than 65 amino acids in size were identified on this sequence (FIG. 1).

The first reading frame (ORF1) (positions 1-1587) is incomplete and encodes a truncated protein of 529 amino acids (SEQ ID No. 2).

The second reading frame (ORF2) (positions 1655-2596) encodes a polypeptide of 314 amino acids (SEQ ID No. 3).

The third reading frame (ORF3) (positions 2733-4094) is situated on the complementary strand and encodes a polypeptide of 454 amino acids (SEQ ID No. 4).

The fourth reading frame (ORF4) (positions 4476-5660) encodes a polypeptide of 395 amino acids (SEQ ID No. 5).

The fifth reading frame (ORF5) (positions 5869-7113) encodes a polypeptide of 415 amino acids (SEQ ID No. 6).

The sixth reading frame (ORF6) (positions 7449-8900) encodes a polypeptide of 484 amino acids (SEQ ID No. 7).

The seventh reading frame identified on the sequence of FIG. 1 (ORF7) (positions 9153-9731) encodes a protein of 193 amino acids (SEQ ID No. 8).

The eighth and last reading frame identified on the sequence of FIG. 1 (ORF8) (positions 9908-10803) is incomplete. It is situated on the complementary strand and encodes a truncated protein of 298 amino acids (SEQ ID No. 9).

The different open reading frames are assembled in the table below: (Table 1)

Open reading Beginning-End Size in amino frame (positions in FIG. 1) acids ORF 1   1-1587 529 aa ORF 2 1655-2596 314 aa ORF 3 4094-2733 454 aa ORF 4 4476-5600 395 aa ORF 5 5869-7113 415 aa ORF 6 7449-8900 484 aa ORF 7 9153-9731 193 aa ORF 8 10803-9908  298 aa

It is thought that the open reading frame FHV ORF2 newly characterized is homologous to the HSV-1 UL40 (RR2) gene.

Example 4 Construction of the Donor Plasmid for the FHV-1 ORF2 Site (pPB107) (FIG. No. 2)

The plasmid pFHVEcoRID was digested with EcoRI and SacII in order to isolate the EcoRI-SacII fragment of 1509 bp. A KpnI-EcoRI adaptor containing the PmeI site was obtained by hybridization of the following 2 synthetic oligonucleotides:

JCA054 (24 mer) (SEQ ID No. 10):

5′ CTTGCCGGGGTTTAAACCGGTTCG 3′

and JCA055 (32 mer) (SEQ ID No. 11):

5′ AATTCGAACCGGTTTAAACCCCGGCAAGGTAC 3′

The EcoRI-SacII fragment and the double-stranded oligonucleotide were ligated into the vector pBS-SKII+, previously digested with KpnI and SacII, to give the plasmid pPB106 (4407 bp). A double-stranded synthetic oligonucleotide comprising the cloning sites HindIII, ClaI and ApaI was obtained by hybridization of the following 2 oligonucleotides:

PB080 (32 mer) (SEQ ID No. 12):

5′ TGCAAAGCTTATCGATCCCGGGGCCCGGTGCA 3′

and PB081 (32 mer) (SEQ ID No. 13):

5′CCGGGCCCCGGGATCGATAAGCTTTGCATGCA 3′

The oligonucleotide thus obtained was ligated with the plasmid pPB106, previously digested with PstI (unique site on pPB106) and treated with alkaline phosphatase, to give the plasmid pPB107 (4439 bp) (FIG. No. 2). This plasmid contains the 5′ (SacII-PstI 530 bp) and 3′ (PstI-EcoRI 979 bp) flanking arms of the FHV-1 ORF2 site as well as a multiple cloning site allowing the insertion of an expression cassette.

Example 5 Construction of the Donor Placid for the FHV-1 ORF5 Site (pPB110) (FIG. No. 3)

The plasmid pFHVEcoRIF (see Example 3) was digested with SacI and SmaI in order to isolate the SacI-SmaI fragment of 1367 bp. A SalI-KpnI adaptor containing the PmeI site was obtained by hybridization of the following 2 oligonucleotides:

PB082 (21 mer) (SEQ ID No. 14):

5′ GGGGGCCGTTTAAACCGGTAC 3′

PB083 (17 mer) (SEQ ID No. 15);

5′ CGGTTTAAACGGCCCCC 3′

The double-stranded oligonucleotide thus obtained and the 1367 bp SacI-SmaI fragment were ligated with the plasmid pBS-SKII+, previously digested with KpnI and SacI, to give the plasmid pPB109 (4247 bp). A multiple cloning site was obtained by hybridization of the following 2 synthetic oligonucleotides:

PB084 (28 mer) (SEQ ID No. 16):

5′ TCGAGAAAGCTTATCGATCCCGGGCCCG 3′

PB085 (28 mer) (SEQ ID No. 17):

5′ TCGACGGGCCCGGGATCGATAAGCTTTC 3′

The double-stranded oligonucleotide thus obtained was ligated with the plasmid pPB109, previously digested with SalI and treated with alkaline phosphatase, to give the plasmid pPB110 (4275 bp) (FIG. No. 3).

This plasmid contains the 5′ (SacI-SalI 699 bp) and 3′ (SalI-SmaI 668 bp) flanking arms of the FHV-1 ORF5 site as well as a multiple cloning site allowing the insertion of an expression cassette.

Example 6 Construction of the Expression Cassette for the FIPV M Gene (FIG. No. 4)

An RT-PCR reaction was carried out with the genomic RNA from the FIPV 79-1146 strain and with the following oligonucleotides:

JCA056 (40 mer) (SEQ ID No. 18)

5′ TTTGAGCTCGCGGCCGCATGAAGTAATTTTGCTAATACTC 3′

JC057 (27 mer) (SEQ ID No. 19)

5′ TTTGGTACCGTTTAGTTACACCATATG 3′

in order to isolate precisely the gene encoding the membrane glycoprotein (FIPV M) in the form of a SacI-KpnI cassette. After purification the RT-PCR product of 823 bp was digested with KpnI and SacI in order to isolate a KpnI-SacI fragment of 813 bp. This fragment was ligated with the vector pBS-SKII+, previously digested with KpnI and SacI, to give the vector pJCA080 (3668 bp). The sequence of the M gene was checked by sequencing and was found to be identical to that previously published (Vennema H. et al. Virology. 1991. 181. 327-335), which sequence is incorporated into the present application by reference.

The plasmid pCMVβ (CLONTECH) was digested with EcoRI and NotI in order to isolate the EcoRI-NotI fragment of 819 bp containing the promoter region of the human cytomegalovirus immediate early gene (fragment A). The plasmid pJCA080 was digested with KpnI and NotI in order to isolate the NotI-KpnI fragment (FIPV M gene) of 804 bp (fragment B). The A and B fragments were then ligated with the vector pGEM-7Zf+ (Promega), previously digested with EcoRI and KpnI, to give the plasmid pPB104 (4614 bp).

A PCR reaction was carried out with the following oligonucleotides:

PB088 (30 mer) (SEQ ID No. 20)

5′ TTGGGTACCGCCTCGACTCTAGGCGGCCGC 3′

PB089 (32 mer) (SEQ ID No. 21)

5′ TTGGGTACCGGATCCGAAAAAACCTCCCACAC 3′

and the template pCMVβ in order to produce a 252 bp fragment containing the polyadenylation signal of the SV40 virus early gene. This fragment was digested with KpnI in order to isolate the KpnI-KpnI fragment of 233 bp (fragment B). This fragment was then ligated with the plasmid pPB104, previously digested with KpnI and treated with alkaline phosphatase, to give the plasmid pPB105 (4847 bp) (FIG. No. 4). This plasmid contains an expression cassette HCMV-IE promoter—FIPV M gene—SV40 polyA which can be mobilized by ApaI-ClaI or ApaI-HindIII digestion.

Example 7 Construction of the Expression Cassette for the FIPV S Gene (FIG. No. 5)

An RT-PCR reaction was carried out with the genomic RNA from the FIPV 79-1146 strain and with the following oligonucleotides:

JCA058 (39 mer) (SEQ ID No. 22)

5′ TTTGAGCTCGCGGCCGCATGATTGTGCTCGTAACTTGCC 3′

JCA059 (38 mer) (SEQ ID No. 23)

5′ TTTGGTACCGTTTAGTGGACATGCACTTTTTCAATTGG 3′

in order to isolate precisely the gene encoding the spike glycoprotein or also called hereinafter “S” (FIPV S). After purification, the RT-PCR product of 4387 bp was digested with KpnI and SacI in order to isolate a KpnI-SacI fragment of 4375 bp. This fragment was ligated with the vector pBS-SKII+, previously digested with KpnI and SacI, to give the vector JCA081 (7234 bp). The sequence of the S gene was checked by sequencing and was found to be identical to that previously published (de Groot R. et al. J. Gen. Virol. 1987. 68. 2639-2646), which sequence is incorporated into the present application by reference.

The plasmid pCMVβ was digested with EcoRI and NotI in order to isolate the EcoRI-NotI fragment of 819 bp containing the promoter region of the human cytomegalovirus immediate early gene (fragment A). The plasmid JCA081 was digested with KpnI and NotI in order to isolate the NotI-KpnI fragment (FIPV S gene) of 4372 bp (fragment B). The A and B fragments were then ligated with the vector pGEM-7Zf+, previously digested with EcoRI and KpnI, to give the plasmid pJCA082 (8180 bp).

A PCR reaction was carried out with the following oligonucleotides: PB088 (SEQ ID No. 20) and PB089 (SEQ ID No. 21) (see Example 6) and the template pCMV in order to produce a 252 bp fragment containing the polyadenylation signal of the SV40 virus early gene. This fragment was digested with KpnI in order to isolate the KpnI-KpnI fragment of 233 bp (fragment B).

This fragment was ligated with the plasmid pJCA082, previously digested with KpnI and treated with alkaline phosphatase, to give the plasmid pPB055 (8413 bp) (FIG. No. 5). This plasmid contains an expression cassette HCMV-IE promoter—FIPV S gene—SV40 polyA which can be mobilized by ApaI-ClaI digestion.

Example 8 Construction of the Modified Spike Gene (FIPV S*)

The sequence of the FIPV S gene was subjected to mutagenesis so as to modify the regions responsible for the induction of facilitating antibodies, without changing the functions of the S glycoprotein. This modification has already been described in Patent Application FR-94 10379 (publication No. 2,724,385, incorporated herein by reference), and was carried out in the following manner:

8.1.: Mutagenesis of the A1 Site (FIG. No. 6)

The HindIII-HindIII FIPV S gene central fragment of 1723 bp (nucleotides 1696 to 3418) was cloned into the vector pBS-SKII+, previously digested with HindIII and treated with alkaline phosphatase, to give the plasmid pJCA083 (4678 bp). The A1 site is situated on the HindIII-SspI subfragment (positions 1696 to 1845) of this fragment.

The A1 site was subjected to mutagenesis by PCR using the following strategy:

The following nucleotides were synthesized:

JCA060 (95 mer) (SEQ ID No. 24)

5′ ATGAAGCTTAGTGGTTATGGTCAACCCATAGCCTCGACACTAAGTAACATCACACTACCAATGCAGGATAACAATACTGTTGTGTACTGTATTCG 3′

JCA061 (88 mer) (SEQ ID No. 25)

5′ AAAAATATTGTACCATAAAGAACTTTTGCAAGTGGAATGAACATAAACTGAGAATTGGTTAGAACGAATACAGTACACAACAGTATTG 3′

JCA062 (20 mer) (SEQ ID No. 26)

5′ ATGAAGCTTAGTGGTTATGG 3′

JCA063 (20 mer) (SEQ ID No. 27)

5′ AAAAATATTGTACCATAAAG 3′

The oligonucleotides JCA060 and JCA061 were hybridized with each other by means of their common complementary sequence of 23 base pairs. The hybrid thus obtained was used, after extension of its 3′ ends, as template for a PCR reaction using the oligonucleotides JCA062 and JCA063. This PCR amplification reaction made it possible to obtain a 159 bp fragment. This fragment was digested with HindIII and SspI in order to produce a HindIII-SspI fragment of 149 bp (fragment A). This fragment contains the A1 site modified at two positions (Va1 instead of Asp at position 568 and Tyr instead of Asp at position 591). The plasmid pJCA083 was digested with HindIII and partially digested with SspI in order to isolate the SspI-HindIII fragment of 1569 bp (fragment B) by Geneclean (BIO101 Inc., La Jolla. Calif.).

The vector pBS-SKII+ was digested with HindIII and treated with alkaline phosphatase in order to produce the C fragment (2960 bp).

The A, B and C fragments were then ligated together in order to produce the plasmid pJCA084 (4678 bp) (FIG. No. 6). This plasmid contains the HindIII-HindIII fragment of the FIPV S gene modified for two amino acids of the A1 site. The FIPV S gene can then be reconstituted by replacing the natural HindIII-HindIII fragment (positions 1696 to 3418) with the HindIII-HindIII fragment contained in the plasmid pJCA084. The complete FIPV S gene modified at the A1 site can then be used for constructions of expression plasmids or of recombinant viruses.

8.2.: Mutagenesis of the A2 Site (FIG. No. 7)

The following oligonucleotides were synthesized:

JCA064 (20 mer) (SEQ ID No. 28)

5 GGACAATATTTTTAATCAAG 3′

JCA065 (36 mer) (SEQ ID No. 29)

5′ TTTAACAACCTGCTCATTGGTTCCTGTACGTGCAGC 3′

JCA066 (36 mer) (SEQ ID No. 30)

5′ AAGTTTTATGTTGCTGCACGTACAGGAACCAATGAG 3′

JCA067 (20 mer) (SEQ ID No. 31)

5′ ATCACTAACATTTTTAAAGC 3′

A PCR reaction (PCR A) was carried out with the oligonucleotides JCA064 and JCA065 and with the plasmid pJCA083 as template in order to synthesize a PCR fragment of 199 bp (fragment A).

A PCR reaction (PCR B) was carried out with the oligonucleotides JCA066 and JCA067 and with the plasmid pJCA083 as template in order to give a PCR fragment of 273 bp (fragment B).

The PCR A and B fragments were hybridized with each other by means of their complementary region of 46 bp and the product of this hybridization, after extension of the 3′ ends, was amplified by a PCR reaction (PCR C) with the oligonucleotides JCA064 and JCA067 in order to give a PCR fragment of 424 bp. This PCR fragment was digested with SspI and DraI in order to give the SspI-DraI restriction fragment of 402 bp (fragment C).

The plasmid pJCA083 was digested with HindIII and SspI in order to isolate the HindIII-SspI fragment of 149 bp (fragment D).

The plasmid pJCA083 was digested with HindIII and DraI in order to isolate the DraI-HindIII restriction fragment of 1170 bp (fragment E).

The vector pBS-SKII+ was digested with HindIII and treated with alkaline phosphatase to give the fragment F (2960 bp).

The C, D, E and F fragments were then ligated together in order to give the plasmid pJCA085 (4678 bp) (FIG. No. 7). The HindIII-HindIII central fragment of 1723 bp of the FIPV S gene contained in pJCA085 has an A2 site modified at the level of 3 amino acids (Tyr instead of Asp at position 643, Gly instead of Arg at position 649, and Lys instead of Arg at position 656).

The FIPV S gene may then be reconstituted by replacing the natural HindIII-HindIII fragment (positions 1696 to 3418) with the HindIII-HindIII fragment contained in the plasmid pJCA085. The complete FIPV S gene modified at the A2 site may then be used for constructions of expression plasmids or of recombinant viruses.

8.3.: Mutagenesis of the A1 and A2 Sites (FIG. No. 8)

Fragments A (Example 8.1), C and E (Example 8.2) were ligated with the vector pBS-SKII+, previously digested with HindIII and treated with alkaline phosphatase, to give the plasmid pJCA085. The HindIII-HindIII central fragment of 1723 bp of the FIPV S gene contained in pJCA085 exhibits 2 amino acid changes at the level of the A1 site (see Example 8.1) and 3 amino acid changes at the level of the A2 site (see Example 8.2).

The plasmid pJCA081 (Example 7) was digested with HindIII in order to isolate the HindIII-HindIII fragment of 5511 bp (fragment A). The plasmid PJCA085 was digested with HindIII in order to isolate the HindIII-HindIII fragment of 1723 bp (exhibiting 5 amino acid changes relative to the sequence of the strain FIPV 79-1146) (fragment B). The A and B fragments were ligated together in order to give the plasmid pJCA087 (7234 bp) (FIG. No. 8). This plasmid contains the FIPV S gene modified at the level of the A1 and A2 sites (=FIPV S* gene).

8.4.: Construction of the Expression Cassette for the FIPV S* Gene (FIG. No. 9)

The plasmid pCMVβ was digested with EcoRI and NotI in order to isolate the EcoRI-NotI fragment of 819 bp containing the promoter region of the human cytomegalovirus immediate early gene (fragment A). The plasmid pJCA087 (Example 8.3) was digested with KpnI and NotI in order to isolate the NotI-KpnI fragment (FIPV S gene) of 4372 bp (fragment B). The A and B fragments were then ligated with the vector pGEM-7Zf+, previously digested with EcoRI and KpnI, to give the plasmid pJCA088 (8180 bp).

A PCR reaction was carried out with the following oligonucleotides: PB088 (SEQ ID No. 20) and PB089 (SEQ ID No. 21) (see Example 6) and the template pCMVβ in order to produce a 252 bp fragment containing the polyadenylation signal of the SV40 virus early gene. This fragment was digested with KpnI in order to isolate the KpnI-KpnI fragment of 233 bp (fragment B).

This fragment was ligated with the plasmid pJCA088, previously digested with KpnI and treated with alkaline phosphatase, to give the plasmid pPB056 (8413 bp) (FIG. No. 9). This plasmid contains an expression cassette HCMV-IE promoter—FIPV S* gene—SV40 polyA which can be mobilized by ApaI-ClaI digestion.

Example 9 Construction of the Expression Cassette for the FIPV N Gene (FIG. No. 10)

An RT-PCR reaction was carried out with the genomic RNA from the strain FIPV 79-1146 and with the following oligonucleotides:

JCA068 (37 mer) (SEQ ID No. 32)

5′ TTTGAGCTCGCGGCCGCATGGCCACACAGGGACAACG 3′

JCA069 (33 mer) (SEQ ID No. 33)

5′ TTTGGTACCGTTTAGTTCGTAACCTCATCAATC 3′

in order to isolate precisely the gene encoding the nucleocapsid protein “N” (FIPV N). After purification, the RT-PCR product of 1161 bp was digested with KpnI and SacI in order to isolate a SacI-KpnI fragment of 1148 bp. This fragment was ligated with the vector pBS-SKII+, previously digested with KpnI and SacI, in order to give the vector pJCA089 (4007 bp). The sequence of the N gene was checked by sequencing and was found to be identical to that previously published (Vennema H. et al. Virology 1991. 181. 327-335), which sequence is incorporated into the present application by reference.

The plasmid pCMVβ (CLONTECH) was digested with EcoRI and NotI in order to isolate the EcoRI-NotI fragment of 891 bp containing the promoter region of the human cytomegalovirus immediate early gene (fragment A). The plasmid pJCA089 was digested with KpnI and NotI in order to isolate the NotI-KpnI fragment (FIPV N gene) of 1137 bp (fragment B). The A and B fragments were ligated with the vector pGEM-7Zf+, previously digested with EcoRI and KpnI, to give the plasmid pJCA090 (4953 bp).

A PCR reaction was carried out with the following oligonucleotides: PB088 (SEQ ID No. 20) and PB089 (SEQ ID No. 21) (Example 6) and the template pCMVβ in order to produce a 252 bp fragment containing the polyadenylation signal of the SV40 virus early gene. This fragment was digested with KpnI in order to isolate the KpnI-KpnI fragment of 233 bp (fragment B). This fragment was then ligated with the plasmid pJCA090, previously digested with KpnI and treated with alkaline phosphatase, to give the plasmid pJCA091 (5186 bp) (FIG. No. 10). This plasmid contains an expression cassette HCMV-IE promoter—FIPV N gene—SV40 polyA which can be mobilized by ApaI-ClaI or ApaI-HindIII digestion.

Example 10 Construction of the Donor Plasmid pPB111 and Isolation of vFHV01 (FIG. No. 11)

The plasmid pPB105 (Example 6, FIG. No. 4) was digested with ApaI and HindIII in order to isolate the ApaI-HindIII fragment of 1925 bp (fragment A). The pPB107 plasmid (Example 4, FIG. No. 2) was digested with ApaI and HindIII in order to isolate the ApaI-HindIII fragment of 4419 bp (fragment B). The A and B fragments were ligated together in order to give the plasmid pPB111 (6332 bp) (FIG. No. 11). This plasmid contains the expression cassette HCMV-IE/FIPV M gene/SV40 polyA in the FHV ORF2 site.

The plasmid pPB111 was linearized by digestion with PmeI, extracted with a phenol-chloroform mixture, precipitated with absolute ethanol and then taken up in sterile water.

CRFK cells, forming a well-established cellular lawn in a Petri dish (Corning 4.5 cm in diameter), were then transfected with the following mixture: 1 μg of linearized plasmid pPB111+5 μg of viral DNA from FHV-1 in 300 μl of MEM medium and 100 μg of LipofectAMINE (Gibco-BRL Cat # 18324-012) diluted in 300 μl of medium (final volume of the mixture 600 μl). These 600 μl were then diluted in 3 ml (final volume) of MEM medium and plated on 3×10⁶ CRFK cells. The mixture was left in contact with the cells for 5 hours and then removed and replaced with 5 ml of culture medium. The cells were then left in culture for 24 hours at +37° C. After 24 hours to 48 hours of culture, 1 ml of culture supernatant was harvested and several dilutions of this supernatant were used to infect new CRFK cells (cultured in a Corning Petri dish 4.5 cm in diameter) so as to obtain isolated plaques, each dish being infected with 1 ml of a dilution of the initial supernatant. After a contact of 1 hour at 37° C., the infection medium was removed and replaced with 5 ml of MEM medium containing 1% agarose, maintained superfused at 42° C. When the agarose had solidified, the dishes were incubated for 48 hours at 37° C. in a CO₂ oven until plaques appeared. The agarose layer was then removed and the viral plaques were transferred onto a sterile nitrocellulose membrane of the same diameter as the Petri dish which served for the culture. This membrane was itself transferred onto another nitrocellulose membrane so as to obtain a reverse “copy” of the first transfer. The plaques transferred onto the latter copy were then hybridized, according to the customary techniques known to a person skilled in the art, with a fragment of the FIPV M gene labelled with digoxigenin (DNA Labelling Kit, Boehringer Mannheim, CAT # 1175033). After hybridization, washes and bringing into contact with the revealing substrate, the nitrocellulose membrane was brought into contact with an autoradiographic film. The positive hybridization images on this membrane indicated which plaques contained recombinant FHV viruses which had inserted the FIPV M cassette. The plaques corresponding to these positive plaques were sterilely cut out from the first nitrocellulose membrane, placed in an Eppendorf tube containing 0.5 ml of MEM medium and sonicated in order to release the virions from the membrane. The medium contained in the Eppendorf tube was then diluted in MEM medium and the dilutions thus obtained served to infect new cultures of CRFK cells. A recombinant virus, containing the cassette HCMV-IE/FIPV M/polyA inserted into the ORF2 site, 100% pure, was thus isolated after 3 purification cycles and was called vFHV01. The homology of the recombination was checked by PCR using oligonucleotides situated on either side of the site of insertion. The absence of rearrangement on the genome of the recombinant virus vFHV01, elsewhere apart from the recombination region, was checked by the Southern blot technique.

Example 11 Construction of the Donor Plasmid pPB112 and Isolation of vFHV02 (FIG. No. 12)

The plasmid pPB056 (Example 8.4, FIG. No. 9) was digested with ApaI and ClaI in order to isolate the ApaI-ClaI fragment of 5466 bp (fragment A). The plasmid pPB107 (Example 4, FIG. No. 2) was digested with ApaI and ClaI in order to isolate the ApaI-ClaI fragment of 4426 bp (fragment B). The A and B fragments were ligated together in order to give the plasmid pPB112 (9898 bp) (FIG. No. 12). This plasmid contains the expression cassette (HCMV-IE/FIPV S* gene/SV40 polyA) in the FHV-1 ORF2 site.

CRFK cells were transfected with a mixture of plasmid pPB112 (linearized with PmeI) and of viral DNA from FHV-1 as described in Example 10. A positive viral plaque for the cassette HCMV-IE/FIPV S* gene was purified as described in Example 10, but using a homologous probe FIPV S*, and amplified in order to give the recombinant virus vFHV02.

Example 12 Construction of the Donor Plasmid pPB113 and Isolation of vFHV03 (FIG. No. 13)

The plasmid pJCA091 (Example 9, FIG. No. 10) was digested with ApaI and HindIII in order to isolate the ApaI-HindIII fragment of 2244 bp (fragment A). The plasmid pPB107 (Example 4, FIG. No. 2) was digested with ApaI and HindIII in order to isolate the ApaI-HindIII fragment of 4419 bp (fragment B). The A and B fragments were ligated together in order to give the plasmid pPB113 (6671 bp) (FIG. No. 13). This plasmid contains the expression cassette (HCMV-IE/FIPV N gene/SV40 polyA) in the FHV-1 ORF2 site.

CRFK cells were transfected with a mixture of plasmid pPB113 (linearized with PmeI) and of viral DNA from FHV-1 as described in Example 10. A positive viral plaque for the cassette HCMV-IE/FIPV N gene was purified as described in Example 10, but using a homologous probe FIPV N, and amplified in order to give the recombinant virus vFHV3.

Example 13 Construction of the Donor Plasmid pPB114 and Isolation of vFHV4 (FIG. No. 14)

The plasmid pPB105 (Example 6, FIG. No. 4) was digested with ApaI and HindIII in order to isolate the ApaI-HindIII fragment of 1925 bp (fragment A). The plasmid pPB110 (Example 5, FIG. No. 3) was digested with ApaI and HindIII in order to isolate the ApaI-HindIII fragment of 4256 bp (fragment B). The A and B fragments were ligated together in order to give the plasmid pPB114 (6169 bp) (FIG. No. 14). This plasmid contains the expression cassette (HCMV-IE/FIPV M gene/SV40 polyA) in the FHV-1 ORF5 site.

CRFK cells were transfected with a mixture of plasmid pPB114 (linearized with PmeI) and of viral DNA from FHV-1 as described in Example 10. A positive viral plaque for the cassette HCMV-IE/FIPV M gene was purified as described in Example 10 and amplified in order to give the recombinant virus vFHV4.

Example 14 Construction of the Donor Plasmid pPB115 and Isolation of vFHV05 (FIG. No. 15)

The plasmid pPB056 (Example 8.4, FIG. No. 9) was digested with ApaI and ClaI in order to isolate the ApaI-ClaI fragment of 5466 bp (fragment A). The plasmid pPB110 (Example 5, FIG. No. 3) was digested with ApaI and ClaI in order to isolate the ApaI-ClaI fragment of 4263 bp (fragment B). The A and B fragments were ligated together in order to give the plasmid pPB115 (9735 bp) (FIG. No. 5). This plasmid contains the expression cassette (HCMV-IE/FIPV S gene/SV40 polyA) in the FHV-1 ORF5 site.

CRFK cells were transfected with a mixture of plasmid pPB115 (linearized with PmeI) and of viral DNA from FHV-1 as described in Example 10. A positive viral plaque for the cassette HCMV-IE/FIPV S* gene was purified as described in Example 10, but using a homologous probe FIPV S*, and amplified in order to give the recombinant virus vFHV05.

Example 15 Construction of the Donor Plasmid pPB116 and Isolation of vFHV06 (FIG. No. 16)

The plasmid pJCA091 (Example 9, FIG. No. 10) was digested with ApaI and HindIII in order to isolate the ApaI-HindIII fragment of 2244 bp (fragment A). The plasmid pPB110 (Example 5, FIG. No. 3) was digested with ApaI and HindIII in order to isolate the ApaI-HindIII fragment of 4256 bp (fragment B). The A and B fragments were ligated together in order to give the plasmid pPB116 (6508 bp). This plasmid contains the expression cassette (HCMV-IE/FIPV N gene/SV40 polyA) in the FHV-1 ORF5 site.

CRFK cells were transfected with a mixture of plasmid pPB116 (linearized with PmeI) and of viral DNA from FHV-1 as described in Example 10. A positive viral plaque for the cassette HCMV-IE/FIPV N gene was purified as described in Example 10, but using a homologous probe FIPV N, and amplified in order to give the recombinant virus vFHV06.

Example 16 Construction of Donor Plasmids for the Insertion of Expression Cassettes into the ORF2 Site of FHV-1

According to the same strategy as that described above for the insertion of expression cassettes (genes placed under the control of the HCMV-IE or MCMV-IE promoters or double promoter MCMV-IE/RNA 1.8 kbp) into the ORF2 site, it is possible to construct recombinant feline herpesviruses expressing at a high level immunogens of the feline calicivirus (FCV), of the feline panleukopenia virus (FPV), of the feline leukaemia virus (FeLV), of the feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), or of other feline pathogens, or alternatively of feline cytokines.

Example 17 Construction of Donor Plasmids for the Insertion of Expression Cassettes into the ORF5 Site of FHV-1

According to the same strategy as that described above for the insertion of expression cassettes (genes placed under the control of HCMV-IE or MCMV-IE promoters or double promoter MCMV-IE/RNA 1.8 kbp) into the ORF5 site, it is possible to construct recombinant feline herpesviruses expressing at a high level immunogens of the FCV, FPV, FeLV or FIV viruses or of other feline pathogens, or alternatively of feline cytokines.

Example 18 Production of Vaccines

To produce a vaccine, the recombinant viruses obtained according to the invention are cultured on CRFK cells. The recombinant virus is harvested when the cytopathic effect is complete. The lysed cells and the culture supernatant are harvested. After clarification of a cellular lysate in order to remove the cellular debris, the viral solution is titrated. The viral solution is then diluted in a stabilizing solution for freeze-drying, distributed at the rate of one vaccinal dose (10² CCID₅₀ to 10⁷ CCID₅₀) per vial, and finally freeze-dried.

33 1 10803 DNA Feline herpesvirus 1 1 ctgcagaatt tcaacaaaaa actgtctaag gaatgtacaa agggtgtgct tccccttttg 60 aagctactcg atcccatgac aatagccatc aacagcgaca cagaccgtcc cactggtgta 120 tgtatatacg tagaaccctg gcatgccgat atcagatcga tattaaatat gcggggaatg 180 ctcgcatcgg atgaaaactc cagatgtgat aatatattta gctgtttatg gaccccggac 240 ctattcttcg ataggtatca acggcaccta ggcggagagg taaatgtcat ttggactcta 300 tttgatgatg ccgcatccca tctttcgaag ctttatggaa aggaatttaa tgaggaatat 360 gaacgtctgg aggcggctgg tatgggtgtt gacagcctgc ctattcaaga gatggcctat 420 cttattgtga gaagtgcaat aatgaccggg agtcccttct taatgttcaa ggacgcgtgt 480 aacgtgcact atcacttcga tacacgtggg gatgcgctca caacatcaaa cctatgtact 540 gaaatcattc agaaggctac agacactaaa catggcgttt gtaacttgat aagtataaat 600 ctaccgcaat gtttacgcgc atcggctcat gatcagagct tgtatttcag tatcccatta 660 ctcattcgcg cagcatatac cgctacgata tttgtcaacg caatgatgcg tgctggaaat 720 ttccccacag aagcggccat gcggggtgta gaagaaaatc gctctcttgg attgggtata 780 caggggctcc ataccacgtt tttggcccta gagatggata tggtttctta tgaagcccgt 840 cgcttaaacc gccaaatttt agagagtctg ctcctgggag caatccacgc tagcacatcc 900 ctatgcaagc ttggtatgac accatttaaa aacttcagag agagtatcta tggacgtggt 960 ttattaccct ttgatgcata cccaaacacc ccccttatac attttaaaaa atggcagcaa 1020 ttgagagtag ttatgatgaa atacggactt tacaattctc aatttgtagc attaatgcca 1080 acggtgtcct cgtcccaggt cactgagagt agcgaggggt tctctccaat ttttactaat 1140 ctgtttagta aagtcactag taccggggag atcttacgac caaacttaca gttgatgcgg 1200 acgatacgac gcctatttcc cagggaatgc gcgcgtctct ctgttatatc aaccctggaa 1260 gctgcccaat ggtccatacg tggtgcattc ggggatctcg gggattatca ccccctagca 1320 aaattcaaaa ccgcattcga atatgatcaa cgacagttga tagatatgtg tgcggacagg 1380 gccccctttg tagatcaaag ccagtccatg tctctgttta tctctgaacc ggctgatggc 1440 aaattacccg cctctaggat tatgaacctc cttgtacatg catataaatg tggactgaag 1500 accggtatgt attattgtaa gctcaaaaag gctaccaaca gtggtgtctt ctccggaggc 1560 gaactcattt gtactagttg ccacctttaa acgattgtat atcatgtctg ctaacggatc 1620 tacccccaat accggtctcc actccaatac caaaatgccg gtatccatag actctgattg 1680 tagcgcctcg cgatactttt acaccctgga atgtccagat ataaacatgt tgcggtctct 1740 cagtatcgcg aataggtggt tagaaaccga tttgccaatc ggtgatgata taaaggacat 1800 tactacacta tccgaatcgg agttggactt ttatcgtttt ctatttacat ttctatctgc 1860 cgcggacgat ctggttaacc tgaatctcgg caatctatct gagctcttca cccaaaaaga 1920 tattttacat tattacattg aacaggaatg tatagaggtc gtccattcgc gtgaatatag 1980 cgcaatacaa ctcctccttt ttaaatgtga tgcggaggcg cgtacggcct atgtggattc 2040 tatgattaca aagccggagc ttgcgaggaa ggttgaatgc gtccgcacgc gaattggtga 2100 atgtgaatcc atagccgaga aggatattct catgatctta atagaaggta tcttttttgt 2160 tgcatccttc gctgctatag cttatctgag aacccacaac atattcatcg taacttgtca 2220 aaccaacgat cttatcagcc gcgatgaggc catacataca aacgcatcct gctgtatcta 2280 caacaactac ctcccggctc aaattaaacc atccacggag aggattcact cgttatttcg 2340 agaggctgtg gaacttgagt gtgagtttat ctcaacatgc gctccgcgct gcagtaatct 2400 actcaacgtg gcggatattt gtaattatgt tcggtatagt gcggaccggt tgctcggtat 2460 tatcaaagtg gctcctattt tcaacgtccc gcctcctcat cccgattttc ccttagcctt 2520 tatggtaatt gaaaaacata ccaatttttt cgagagacat agcactacat acagtggcac 2580 tgttatcaat gatctataaa caatgtctta ataataaatt taatttaagc taacgtgtat 2640 ctggattcgt cccttttttt caaaaataac tacacatgag tcattagtag cgttcaaccg 2700 gtctgtttcc cgatacatcc actggttctt tagttataac gccgtcgcga atcacaatca 2760 tcccaatagg taaccagaac aacataatag tcgggcgggg ttgagatatg cttccagaat 2820 aagttagtta tatgtttggc attggcggca tcccctataa aatgttttag tgtttcgaac 2880 accaggttaa aattagcctt ctcttggagg atgggaacgc gctttaatat tgataagcga 2940 ccccttgtct ccggggtcat tctagcgata aggtgtttga taaatttccg ctcgaggacc 3000 atcatgtttt gtctgtggcg ggggtaaaaa tgagagagtc tgtgacgcgg tttcattatc 3060 ggtgggtatc gagatgtgta ttttagagtc agactctgct cttctatcat ggtcagctgt 3120 ttagacgatc cacgaatttg agatgggctg atcctatatg tgtctgtgga catacattca 3180 atatcccgtt cttctgacga tgaagcatca ctgctggtat cccggcatat actagtagag 3240 gattttagat taattacctt ttcttttacc ttagttttgc tctgatgtcg ttgattagat 3300 cgtagatttt gtacggattt taatataggt gtctggtgta gatctgtatg acagcgaaca 3360 aatcgcgcca cgaattccga gtatgtcaga ttaagcgacg caaggacgtc cctacatcgt 3420 attgttggtg ggaaaagtgg aattatatct aatataatat cacaccccat taatataaga 3480 tcggtatcgg ttgtatagat ctgcgcgacc gtatttgtat gatatagatt agcacataca 3540 tcatcagcct ccatatcact gacatttaca tatgggtacc ctagatagcg gatgaggttt 3600 acacataatc tataacataa acgtggggta taagctaatg aactccatct cgctgatata 3660 cgttcttgga tatctacttt gcaatctttc gggtttccac catctggttc cgaagtatct 3720 tcacacggcc ctccatgtgg aatggaaaat tcccccaagc gtccagatcc accctgtaaa 3780 cacatcgtct gtgtcactat agccttggct ccatatttta cctgtccatc accatagata 3840 cctctatccg aaacgaagat cggaaagtat gatcgcttct gtaacagttt aagaagcgaa 3900 aagaaacact cggcagtcac cgttgcatta tcacttgtat atctttctct ggaaagaatt 3960 tctcccataa gtgtgtacat aacattccat aaatctatag cgatgggtgt ataaatacca 4020 ggtggtgtag tgatggcatc atgttttacc aaacggttgc agtaggcgta ttttaacatc 4080 ccaaataagc ccattctgac actattgatt atatctcgtt tcctagagca gagtcgtatt 4140 aattggcgag gtaaacaatc gctccggtga aggcagttcc ccaactagat taacccctag 4200 ttgattatgg acattataat gcgctgggtg gcggaatcat cgccgcaccc aactcaaagc 4260 acgaccaaat atgagcgggt ctgtggaacc tcaaaatcct attggtgatc atgaacaata 4320 aaaatgaaac caaaatacat ggtagataat taatcctctc ccccactctg gcgtcatagc 4380 gcggcggtga agcctataaa gaatacaggt gcgaggaaat tgtcttactt ttccctttgt 4440 gagttttaat ttgtgtgtaa aactagctct ctacgatggc atttccaccg tcgagattag 4500 aggttggaat aaataaagct attaaccatc cggcacaagt tgtccacgcg ggacctcttc 4560 ccggtggtgt cgaatctaac actatcttcg gaaacgctgt cctcgaagaa gacaagctac 4620 gcgaggtaat gaccatattg acaccgatat cgaccagtct taaaaactca tttttggttt 4680 ttagtgccga tgggatgttg attcatacga gtgtatgtca cgaacagata tatataccaa 4740 tatcaaagaa tcagttttca tcatatagat ggacatatgg acagcctgcg gtatttttag 4800 cgaatatgca cggacgtcgt agcttgttgg acgtatttaa aactactggg agaaaaagtg 4860 caaccaagaa ggtaattttc gagataacta atgttcatcc gggtagaatg ttaaaccaag 4920 tagtttttaa cttagacctc gatggtggac tatcttcttc acaacttata aaatcagaat 4980 ttaataatta ttgtgttatg ttacccacga gagtacccga tttgacgctt gagttttcaa 5040 aacctcaact aaacaaaata ttggaccttg gaaaacgcat aaaatctaca ctagtgtttg 5100 aatctacggt gagagaaacc atcaatatta tatccgacgt cgggagagta acatttacca 5160 cgactcatga atcggctgat ggaaatcaag atagccgctg tattttacgc agtctcccaa 5220 ggtcccacat acttggtaat gtatcatcaa ccgttaattt ctctggggtt ttgaaaccct 5280 tccgcctagc tttggaatcc cccgtaaact tttttcaact tcttcgtaaa ttgaaactta 5340 cacataccga cgtcagcctc aatttcttct tcactccaag tactacaccc atgttaagtc 5400 tgactaccag aaaacccgtt ggtgtaatga tgtttttctt ctgtaccacg gaatgtctag 5460 gatcatccga gtcaattaaa accggggata tggatgatcc ctcgacaacc gaggaggaaa 5520 gtatccccag gttaaagcgg cgagtgttag aagagttccg tgattctgaa ggacccagta 5580 aaaaactttg tacttttgtt tactcatctc cactatgcaa cccgaatcct ggtacacggg 5640 gagaaaaccc atctgatatt tagatgtaaa tagccaatac cacagatcgt tcgcctgtat 5700 acttgatccc catttatgtt aaaataaagt atttttaatg taatatatgt gtagtttcgt 5760 ttattcataa acgctagtta gatatctcca cccacatttt tctggtattt gtaataaaaa 5820 ttgagccagg cgaaagaaag tcagtaagtc gccagccaga cttcgggtat ggccaccgat 5880 gactgtacgt ctccaactaa tgcagctggg agctcaacaa ccaacaataa cggtctcgct 5940 ccagaaggga tatcggatat aacactaccc tcatttactg tgaggaactg ctcgggatcg 6000 aggactggat gtatcgcatg tgtgtacacg gcaactaaag cgttatgtta tataggggtc 6060 caatctggaa ttttaacagc atcgatcgct ctcatttggc tcctaacacg tacaacaaca 6120 tatgcagccg gaatccttat atttataagt ctaatatcca caatgaggct ctctatggta 6180 aaaactgaac gtatcacaac tatatgccgc tttactcaga ccctctgtgt ggccatagcg 6240 gcagttggat gggcgtgtga tgatttgtta caaccagttg gatttacccc tcttctactc 6300 ctatgtctag caggaatcgc tgtatgtgct gcgatcatac atgtgtttta cttcatctgc 6360 acagccaatg gatcgggaac acattttcgt atggccatcg ttaccatgac cctcggtgcg 6420 ctgttgggag tatcgagtat cgccgtgact gtgaaatctg aaattctcat cggcctcggt 6480 attgcatgct cgattattgt ctcccagcga gactttggaa tgatacttag agacacatgt 6540 cattacagat taggtcgtta ttcgttaatg cgcactttta cggatttggg gcgtggtgct 6600 aaccataatc cagtcgactt tatcgtaccc aacatcgagg atgtctacga ggacaagatt 6660 agcagcgtta aaatttttcg agaacacccc actttgatta tggccccgtt gatagggcta 6720 accctcaccc ctccgatatg gggttattgt cacatcacta aatatggcca tgattttcag 6780 acgcccttaa cagttgtgat ttgtgttatc gttggacatt gtttggcatt ttgcctggaa 6840 cctttgatgg tctaccgaag aatgtatata cctgaggtcc tcgtgagttt ccatggcatg 6900 gctgaaataa ccgggatagt cttggcactg cttggtgtaa attttggcac gccgctggtt 6960 ttgactctgg ctatatctga gactctaact tgcctactcc atctacgaaa aatcatcctc 7020 ggcgcgaaac gcctggctgc tacctaccta tgcaggggtc tacacacggg catgtatgtt 7080 actgctggaa tgtgttattt gtacagtcat atgtaatgta ccactcaaca cgatatattt 7140 atatcgcggt tgtgtctaat aactgttttt aaataaagag ataagtcgaa atcacaggca 7200 gtgaaatgcc ttaaaaatgg gtctcctgtc tatgttagga atctcttatt ttaagtagtc 7260 ccgcgagacg atttacatcc cgggatcacc aacaatctgc gatgagacga tataggatgg 7320 gacgcggaat ctaccttctc tatatctgtc tgttatatac atatctccag tttggtactt 7380 cgtcgacaac cgcggtcagt attgaaaata gtgataatag tactgcggag atgttatcat 7440 ctaccagcat gtccgctacc accccgatat cccagccaac atctccattc actactccaa 7500 ctagaagatc tacaaatata gctacaagtt cgagtaccac ccaggcatcc cagccaacat 7560 ctacattaac tactctaact agaagctcga caactatagc tacaagtccg agtaccaccc 7620 aggcagccac attcatagga tcatctaccg attccaatac cactttactc aaaacaacaa 7680 aaaaaccaaa gcgtaaaaag aataagaata acggggccag atttaaatta gattgtggat 7740 ataagggggt tatctacaga ccgtatttta gccctcttca gctaaactgt actctaccca 7800 cagaacctca tattaccaac cctattgact tcgagatctg gtttaaacca cgcaccagat 7860 ttggggattt tcttggggat aaagaagact tcgtagggaa tcatacccgc accagcatat 7920 tactatttag cagccgtaat gggagtgtta attccatgga tcttggggac gcgacactcg 7980 ggatcctaca atctaggata ccagattaca cattatataa tattcccata caacataccg 8040 aagcgatgtc attgggaatc aaatctgtgg aatctgccac gtccggtgtt tatacatggc 8100 gggtctatgg tggagatgga ctaaataaaa cagtgctagg acaggtaaat gtatctgtag 8160 tggcatatca ccccccgagc gtaaatctta caccacgcgc cagtctattt aataagacct 8220 ttgaggcggt atgtgcagtg gcgaattact tcccgcgatc cacgaaacta acatggtatc 8280 ttgacgggaa gccaatagaa aggcaataca tttcagatac ggcaagtgta tggatagatg 8340 gactcatcac cagaagttct gtgttggcta ttccgacaac tgaaacagat tccgagaaac 8400 cagatatacg atgtgatttg gaatggcatg aaagtcctgt gtcctataag agattcacga 8460 aaagtgtagc cccggacgtc tattacccac ctactgtgtc tgttaccttc gctgatacac 8520 gggctatatg tgatgttaaa tgtgtaccac gggacgggat atccttgatg tggaaaattg 8580 gtaactacca tctaccaaaa gcaatgagtg ctgatatact gatcacaggt ccgtgtatag 8640 aacgtccagg tttggtcaac attcagagta tgtgtgatat atcagaaacg gatggacccg 8700 tgagttatac ctgtcagacc atcggatacc caccaattct accgggattt tacgacacac 8760 aagtctacga cgcgtcccct gaaatcgtca gtgaatcaat gttggttagt gtcgttgctg 8820 taatactagg agctgttctc atcacagtct ttatctttat tacggcatta tgtttatatt 8880 attctcatcc ccggcgatta taactcttat agttcgtata aattacttat cataaccgtg 8940 tttcagcggt tatattttta taacagttaa ttgtttacta atagtttaca aagtccatcg 9000 tttataaaaa acaagcccag tggtattata atcattcgta tggatataaa ccgactccaa 9060 tccgtgatct ttggtaaccc gcgacgtaat tactctcaca cattttaact agtctacgat 9120 cacccagata taataaaaag attcgcgtgg acatgcaagg tatgaggtct acgtcacagc 9180 cgttggtcga gataccactg gtagatatgg aaccacagcc atctatacac tccaacgagc 9240 ctaacccacc gaataaaatg ttgacgacag ctatttcatc gcgtaggagt ggaatttttt 9300 tattttctct gggtatgttt tttttcggag ttatcctaac agctactatt atagtatgta 9360 cattcatatt tacaatacca gtggatatgc tccagatgcc acgctgccct gaggaaacgg 9420 tgggtatcaa aaactgttgt atccgaccga ttagacgcca tgttaaatca caccaagatc 9480 tagttgccac atgtgccgaa tacatggaac aacccgccac cgcatctgct gttggagcgc 9540 ttataccatt attggacatc ttcaatggag atgggatatc tacaaacgac tctctttacg 9600 attgtattct ctctgatgaa aaaaaatcgt gtaatacatc aatggccgta tgtcaatcaa 9660 catatcttcc aaatccccta agtgacttta ttatgcgcgt taggcagata ttttctggaa 9720 tcctaaatca ttaatccatt tactaaataa ataaacaata ccgtttaggt aattaaacat 9780 gattctagtg tttattgtcg tatgtacggg cgatgggtgg ataacaactc gacaatgatc 9840 aattatattg attaaccttg taataaattc gtcggattat tggatatatc gagatgatat 9900 cacattattt tctaatagcg tgtgtttgaa agtccaccct actagtgcca tgtgcgcgtt 9960 tgatcgaaga ggcatttaat gttgccagag tttcaattcc gtatgtatcg tcgagtaatc 10020 tagaccgtgg gcgaaatctt tctactactt cttcaatccc aggcgaggat gatcgtctgc 10080 gtgggaggtt tttctttaca tcaccacatt cgttatataa ttcgggataa tcacctttag 10140 gtcccccggg cttggaacat tgacactttt tatgacaaat cggtgtctgg taatgctccg 10200 tatattggag ctgtgaggta gttccagacg cggacgatcc tctggactgc gcggtatctt 10260 caggggaaat acaacgaggg tgttggtaat gagtctggta tgcatctcga ggttcatctc 10320 cattactgag attcgaggaa ttaaaagttt cagtgagacc gtaggacgga ttattaatat 10380 gatcttccga ctcttcgggt cggatgtcat ctaaactggt atagggtgtt ccgtcacagt 10440 ccgaggaatc aaaacgatca tcgagttgtt ttgtgcgcgc atccgatctc aagggcgttc 10500 tatggaagca cccctctacc ccgtctgggg tattagaagg gtggtctcca agacctgggg 10560 aggatatatc ccgaggggtt agtggggagg ctaagagtga tgccataccc atatatgggt 10620 ttgggggggt gatgacagct ggtgggtagg taacatcatg atgagcgtgt ggagtgggtg 10680 gggatggtag tgggaggctc tgccgatcta tgtgtgtcat catctgtgat acacaccgcc 10740 tctcagtttt cgccctctcc cgggtggatc tccgtcttcc acgttctatc gaaccaagaa 10800 ttc 10803 2 529 PRT Feline herpesvirus 1 2 Leu Gln Asn Phe Asn Lys Lys Leu Ser Lys Glu Cys Thr Lys Gly Val 1 5 10 15 Leu Pro Leu Leu Lys Leu Leu Asp Pro Met Thr Ile Ala Ile Asn Ser 20 25 30 Asp Thr Asp Arg Pro Thr Gly Val Cys Ile Tyr Val Glu Pro Trp His 35 40 45 Ala Asp Ile Arg Ser Ile Leu Asn Met Arg Gly Met Leu Ala Ser Asp 50 55 60 Glu Asn Ser Arg Cys Asp Asn Ile Phe Ser Cys Leu Trp Thr Pro Asp 65 70 75 80 Leu Phe Phe Asp Arg Tyr Gln Arg His Leu Gly Gly Glu Val Asn Val 85 90 95 Ile Trp Thr Leu Phe Asp Asp Ala Ala Ser His Leu Ser Lys Leu Tyr 100 105 110 Gly Lys Glu Phe Asn Glu Glu Tyr Glu Arg Leu Glu Ala Ala Gly Met 115 120 125 Gly Val Asp Ser Leu Pro Ile Gln Glu Met Ala Tyr Leu Ile Val Arg 130 135 140 Ser Ala Ile Met Thr Gly Ser Pro Phe Leu Met Phe Lys Asp Ala Cys 145 150 155 160 Asn Val His Tyr His Phe Asp Thr Arg Gly Asp Ala Leu Thr Thr Ser 165 170 175 Asn Leu Cys Thr Glu Ile Ile Gln Lys Ala Thr Asp Thr Lys His Gly 180 185 190 Val Cys Asn Leu Ile Ser Ile Asn Leu Pro Gln Cys Leu Arg Ala Ser 195 200 205 Ala His Asp Gln Ser Leu Tyr Phe Ser Ile Pro Leu Leu Ile Arg Ala 210 215 220 Ala Tyr Thr Ala Thr Ile Phe Val Asn Ala Met Met Arg Ala Gly Asn 225 230 235 240 Phe Pro Thr Glu Ala Ala Met Arg Gly Val Glu Glu Asn Arg Ser Leu 245 250 255 Gly Leu Gly Ile Gln Gly Leu His Thr Thr Phe Leu Ala Leu Glu Met 260 265 270 Asp Met Val Ser Tyr Glu Ala Arg Arg Leu Asn Arg Gln Ile Leu Glu 275 280 285 Ser Leu Leu Leu Gly Ala Ile His Ala Ser Thr Ser Leu Cys Lys Leu 290 295 300 Gly Met Thr Pro Phe Lys Asn Phe Arg Glu Ser Ile Tyr Gly Arg Gly 305 310 315 320 Leu Leu Pro Phe Asp Ala Tyr Pro Asn Thr Pro Leu Ile His Phe Lys 325 330 335 Lys Trp Gln Gln Leu Arg Val Val Met Met Lys Tyr Gly Leu Tyr Asn 340 345 350 Ser Gln Phe Val Ala Leu Met Pro Thr Val Ser Ser Ser Gln Val Thr 355 360 365 Glu Ser Ser Glu Gly Phe Ser Pro Ile Phe Thr Asn Leu Phe Ser Lys 370 375 380 Val Thr Ser Thr Gly Glu Ile Leu Arg Pro Asn Leu Gln Leu Met Arg 385 390 395 400 Thr Ile Arg Arg Leu Phe Pro Arg Glu Cys Ala Arg Leu Ser Val Ile 405 410 415 Ser Thr Leu Glu Ala Ala Gln Trp Ser Ile Arg Gly Ala Phe Gly Asp 420 425 430 Leu Gly Asp Tyr His Pro Leu Ala Lys Phe Lys Thr Ala Phe Glu Tyr 435 440 445 Asp Gln Arg Gln Leu Ile Asp Met Cys Ala Asp Arg Ala Pro Phe Val 450 455 460 Asp Gln Ser Gln Ser Met Ser Leu Phe Ile Ser Glu Pro Ala Asp Gly 465 470 475 480 Lys Leu Pro Ala Ser Arg Ile Met Asn Leu Leu Val His Ala Tyr Lys 485 490 495 Cys Gly Leu Lys Thr Gly Met Tyr Tyr Cys Lys Leu Lys Lys Ala Thr 500 505 510 Asn Ser Gly Val Phe Ser Gly Gly Glu Leu Ile Cys Thr Ser Cys His 515 520 525 Leu 3 314 PRT Feline herpesvirus 1 3 Met Pro Val Ser Ile Asp Ser Asp Cys Ser Ala Ser Arg Tyr Phe Tyr 1 5 10 15 Thr Leu Glu Cys Pro Asp Ile Asn Met Leu Arg Ser Leu Ser Ile Ala 20 25 30 Asn Arg Trp Leu Glu Thr Asp Leu Pro Ile Gly Asp Asp Ile Lys Asp 35 40 45 Ile Thr Thr Leu Ser Glu Ser Glu Leu Asp Phe Tyr Arg Phe Leu Phe 50 55 60 Thr Phe Leu Ser Ala Ala Asp Asp Leu Val Asn Leu Asn Leu Gly Asn 65 70 75 80 Leu Ser Glu Leu Phe Thr Gln Lys Asp Ile Leu His Tyr Tyr Ile Glu 85 90 95 Gln Glu Cys Ile Glu Val Val His Ser Arg Glu Tyr Ser Ala Ile Gln 100 105 110 Leu Leu Leu Phe Lys Cys Asp Ala Glu Ala Arg Thr Ala Tyr Val Asp 115 120 125 Ser Met Ile Thr Lys Pro Glu Leu Ala Arg Lys Val Glu Cys Val Arg 130 135 140 Thr Arg Ile Gly Glu Cys Glu Ser Ile Ala Glu Lys Asp Ile Leu Met 145 150 155 160 Ile Leu Ile Glu Gly Ile Phe Phe Val Ala Ser Phe Ala Ala Ile Ala 165 170 175 Tyr Leu Arg Thr His Asn Ile Phe Ile Val Thr Cys Gln Thr Asn Asp 180 185 190 Leu Ile Ser Arg Asp Glu Ala Ile His Thr Asn Ala Ser Cys Cys Ile 195 200 205 Tyr Asn Asn Tyr Leu Pro Ala Gln Ile Lys Pro Ser Thr Glu Arg Ile 210 215 220 His Ser Leu Phe Arg Glu Ala Val Glu Leu Glu Cys Glu Phe Ile Ser 225 230 235 240 Thr Cys Ala Pro Arg Cys Ser Asn Leu Leu Asn Val Ala Asp Ile Cys 245 250 255 Asn Tyr Val Arg Tyr Ser Ala Asp Arg Leu Leu Gly Ile Ile Lys Val 260 265 270 Ala Pro Ile Phe Asn Val Pro Pro Pro His Pro Asp Phe Pro Leu Ala 275 280 285 Phe Met Val Ile Glu Lys His Thr Asn Phe Phe Glu Arg His Ser Thr 290 295 300 Thr Tyr Ser Gly Thr Val Ile Asn Asp Leu 305 310 4 454 PRT Feline herpesvirus 1 4 Met Gly Leu Phe Gly Met Leu Lys Tyr Ala Tyr Cys Asn Arg Leu Val 1 5 10 15 Lys His Asp Ala Ile Thr Thr Pro Pro Gly Ile Tyr Thr Pro Ile Ala 20 25 30 Ile Asp Leu Trp Asn Val Met Tyr Thr Leu Met Gly Glu Ile Leu Ser 35 40 45 Arg Glu Arg Tyr Thr Ser Asp Asn Ala Thr Val Thr Ala Glu Cys Phe 50 55 60 Phe Ser Leu Leu Lys Leu Leu Gln Lys Arg Ser Tyr Phe Pro Ile Phe 65 70 75 80 Val Ser Asp Arg Gly Ile Tyr Gly Asp Gly Asn Val Lys Tyr Gly Ala 85 90 95 Lys Ala Ile Val Thr Gln Thr Met Cys Leu Gln Gly Gly Ser Gly Arg 100 105 110 Leu Gly Glu Phe Ser Ile Pro His Gly Gly Pro Cys Glu Asp Thr Ser 115 120 125 Glu Pro Asp Gly Gly Asn Pro Lys Asp Cys Lys Val Asp Ile Gln Glu 130 135 140 Arg Ile Ser Ala Asp Trp Ser Ser Leu Ala Tyr Thr Pro Arg Leu Cys 145 150 155 160 Tyr Arg Leu Cys Val Asn Leu Ile Arg Tyr Leu Gly Tyr Pro Tyr Val 165 170 175 Asn Val Ser Asp Met Glu Ala Asp Asp Val Cys Ala Asn Leu Tyr His 180 185 190 Thr Asn Thr Val Ala Gln Ile Tyr Thr Thr Asp Thr Asp Leu Ile Leu 195 200 205 Met Gly Cys Asp Ile Ile Leu Asp Ile Ile Pro Leu Phe Pro Pro Thr 210 215 220 Ile Arg Cys Arg Asp Val Leu Ala Ser Leu Asn Leu Thr Tyr Ser Glu 225 230 235 240 Phe Val Ala Arg Phe Val Arg Cys His Thr Asp Leu His Gln Thr Pro 245 250 255 Ile Leu Lys Ser Val Gln Asn Leu Arg Ser Asn Gln Arg His Gln Ser 260 265 270 Lys Thr Lys Val Lys Glu Lys Val Ile Asn Leu Lys Ser Ser Thr Ser 275 280 285 Ile Cys Arg Asp Thr Ser Ser Asp Ala Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu Arg Asp 290 295 300 Ile Glu Cys Met Ser Thr Asp Thr Tyr Arg Ile Ser Pro Ser Gln Ile 305 310 315 320 Arg Gly Ser Ser Lys Gln Leu Thr Met Ile Glu Glu Gln Ser Leu Thr 325 330 335 Leu Lys Tyr Thr Ser Arg Tyr Pro Pro Ile Met Lys Pro Arg His Arg 340 345 350 Leu Ser His Phe Tyr Pro Arg His Arg Gln Asn Met Met Val Leu Glu 355 360 365 Arg Lys Phe Ile Lys His Leu Ile Ala Arg Met Thr Pro Glu Thr Arg 370 375 380 Gly Arg Leu Ser Ile Leu Lys Arg Val Pro Ile Leu Gln Glu Lys Ala 385 390 395 400 Asn Phe Asn Leu Val Phe Glu Thr Leu Lys His Phe Ile Gly Asp Ala 405 410 415 Ala Asn Ala Lys His Ile Thr Asn Leu Phe Trp Lys His Ile Ser Thr 420 425 430 Pro Pro Asp Tyr Tyr Val Val Leu Val Thr Tyr Trp Asp Asp Cys Asp 435 440 445 Ser Arg Arg Arg Tyr Asn 450 5 395 PRT Feline herpesvirus 1 5 Met Ala Phe Pro Pro Ser Arg Leu Glu Val Gly Ile Asn Lys Ala Ile 1 5 10 15 Asn His Pro Ala Gln Val Val His Ala Gly Pro Leu Pro Gly Gly Val 20 25 30 Glu Ser Asn Thr Ile Phe Gly Asn Ala Val Leu Glu Glu Asp Lys Leu 35 40 45 Arg Glu Val Met Thr Ile Leu Thr Pro Ile Ser Thr Ser Leu Lys Asn 50 55 60 Ser Phe Leu Val Phe Ser Ala Asp Gly Met Leu Ile His Thr Ser Val 65 70 75 80 Cys His Glu Gln Ile Tyr Ile Pro Ile Ser Leu Asn Gln Phe Ser Ser 85 90 95 Tyr Arg Trp Thr Tyr Gly Gln Pro Ala Val Phe Leu Ala Asn Met His 100 105 110 Gly Arg Arg Ser Leu Leu Asp Val Phe Lys Thr Thr Gly Arg Lys Ser 115 120 125 Ala Thr Lys Lys Val Ile Phe Glu Ile Thr Asn Val His Pro Gly Arg 130 135 140 Met Leu Asn Gln Val Val Phe Asn Leu Asp Leu Asp Gly Gly Leu Ser 145 150 155 160 Ser Ser Gln Leu Ile Lys Ser Glu Phe Asn Asn Tyr Cys Val Met Leu 165 170 175 Pro Thr Arg Val Pro Asp Leu Thr Leu Glu Phe Ser Lys Pro Gln Leu 180 185 190 Asn Lys Ile Leu Asp Leu Gly Lys Arg Ile Lys Ser Thr Leu Val Phe 195 200 205 Glu Ser Thr Val Arg Glu Thr Ile Asn Ile Ile Ser Asp Val Gly Arg 210 215 220 Val Thr Phe Thr Thr Thr His Glu Ser Ala Asp Gly Asn Gln Asp Ser 225 230 235 240 Arg Cys Ile Leu Arg Ser Leu Pro Arg Ser His Ile Leu Gly Asn Val 245 250 255 Ser Ser Thr Val Asn Phe Ser Gly Val Leu Lys Pro Phe Arg Leu Ala 260 265 270 Leu Glu Ser Pro Val Asn Phe Phe Gln Leu Leu Arg Lys Leu Lys Val 275 280 285 Thr His Thr Asp Val Ser Leu Asn Phe Phe Phe Thr Pro Ser Thr Thr 290 295 300 Pro Met Leu Ser Leu Thr Thr Arg Lys Pro Val Gly Val Met Met Phe 305 310 315 320 Phe Phe Cys Thr Thr Gly Cys Leu Gly Ser Ser Glu Ser Ile Lys Thr 325 330 335 Gly Asp Met Asp Asp Pro Ser Thr Thr Glu Glu Glu Ser Ile Pro Arg 340 345 350 Leu Lys Arg Arg Val Leu Glu Glu Phe Arg Asp Ser Glu Gly Pro Ser 355 360 365 Lys Lys Leu Cys Thr Phe Val Tyr Ser Ser Pro Leu Cys Asn Pro Asn 370 375 380 Pro Gly Thr Arg Gly Glu Asn Pro Ser Asp Ile 385 390 395 6 415 PRT Feline herpesvirus 1 6 Met Ala Thr Asp Asp Cys Thr Ser Pro Thr Asn Ala Ala Gly Ser Ser 1 5 10 15 Thr Thr Asn Asn Asn Gly Leu Ala Pro Glu Gly Ile Ser Asp Ile Thr 20 25 30 Leu Pro Ser Phe Thr Val Arg Asn Cys Ser Gly Ser Arg Thr Gly Cys 35 40 45 Ile Ala Cys Val Tyr Thr Ala Thr Lys Ala Leu Cys Tyr Ile Gly Val 50 55 60 Gln Ser Gly Ile Leu Thr Ala Ser Ile Ala Leu Ile Trp Leu Leu Thr 65 70 75 80 Arg Thr Thr Thr Tyr Ala Ala Gly Ile Leu Ile Phe Ile Ser Leu Ile 85 90 95 Ser Thr Met Arg Leu Ser Met Val Lys Thr Glu Arg Ile Thr Thr Ile 100 105 110 Cys Arg Phe Thr Gln Thr Leu Cys Val Ala Ile Ala Ala Val Gly Trp 115 120 125 Ala Cys Asp Asp Leu Leu Gln Pro Val Gly Phe Thr Pro Leu Leu Leu 130 135 140 Leu Cys Leu Ala Gly Ile Ala Val Cys Ala Ala Ile Ile His Val Phe 145 150 155 160 Tyr Phe Ile Cys Thr Ala Asn Gly Ser Gly Thr His Phe Arg Met Ala 165 170 175 Ile Val Thr Met Thr Leu Gly Ala Leu Leu Gly Val Ser Ser Ile Ala 180 185 190 Val Thr Val Lys Ser Glu Ile Leu Ile Gly Leu Gly Ile Ala Cys Ser 195 200 205 Ile Ile Val Ser Gln Arg Asp Phe Gly Met Ile Leu Arg Asp Thr Cys 210 215 220 His Tyr Arg Leu Gly Arg Tyr Ser Leu Met Arg Thr Phe Thr Asp Leu 225 230 235 240 Gly Arg Gly Ala Asn His Asn Pro Val Asp Phe Ile Val Pro Asn Ile 245 250 255 Glu Asp Val Tyr Glu Asp Lys Ile Ser Ser Val Lys Ile Phe Arg Glu 260 265 270 His Pro Thr Leu Ile Met Ala Pro Leu Ile Gly Leu Thr Leu Thr Pro 275 280 285 Pro Ile Trp Gly Tyr Cys His Ile Thr Lys Tyr Gly His Asp Phe Gln 290 295 300 Thr Pro Leu Thr Val Val Ile Cys Val Ile Val Gly His Cys Leu Ala 305 310 315 320 Phe Cys Leu Glu Pro Leu Met Val Tyr Arg Arg Met Tyr Ile Pro Glu 325 330 335 Val Leu Val Ser Phe His Gly Met Ala Glu Ile Thr Gly Ile Val Leu 340 345 350 Ala Leu Leu Gly Val Asn Phe Gly Thr Pro Leu Val Leu Thr Leu Ala 355 360 365 Ile Ser Glu Thr Leu Thr Cys Leu Leu His Leu Arg Lys Ile Ile Leu 370 375 380 Gly Ala Lys Arg Leu Ala Ala Thr Tyr Leu Cys Arg Gly Leu His Thr 385 390 395 400 Gly Met Tyr Val Thr Ala Gly Met Cys Tyr Leu Tyr Ser His Met 405 410 415 7 484 PRT Feline herpesvirus 1 7 Met Ser Ala Thr Thr Pro Ile Ser Gln Pro Thr Ser Pro Phe Thr Thr 1 5 10 15 Pro Thr Arg Arg Ser Thr Asn Ile Ala Thr Ser Ser Ser Thr Thr Gln 20 25 30 Ala Ser Gln Pro Thr Ser Thr Leu Thr Thr Leu Thr Arg Ser Ser Thr 35 40 45 Thr Ile Ala Thr Ser Pro Ser Thr Thr Gln Ala Ala Thr Phe Ile Gly 50 55 60 Ser Ser Thr Asp Ser Asn Thr Thr Leu Leu Lys Thr Thr Lys Lys Pro 65 70 75 80 Lys Arg Lys Lys Asn Lys Asn Asn Gly Ala Arg Phe Lys Leu Asp Cys 85 90 95 Gly Tyr Lys Gly Val Ile Tyr Arg Pro Tyr Phe Ser Pro Leu Gln Leu 100 105 110 Asn Cys Thr Leu Pro Thr Glu Pro His Ile Thr Asn Pro Ile Asp Phe 115 120 125 Glu Ile Trp Phe Lys Pro Arg Thr Arg Phe Gly Asp Phe Leu Gly Asp 130 135 140 Lys Glu Asp Phe Val Gly Asn His Thr Arg Thr Ser Ile Leu Leu Phe 145 150 155 160 Ser Ser Arg Asn Gly Ser Val Asn Ser Met Asp Leu Gly Asp Ala Thr 165 170 175 Leu Gly Ile Leu Gln Ser Arg Ile Pro Asp Tyr Thr Leu Tyr Asn Ile 180 185 190 Pro Ile Gln His Thr Glu Ala Met Ser Leu Gly Ile Lys Ser Val Glu 195 200 205 Ser Ala Thr Ser Gly Val Tyr Thr Trp Arg Val Tyr Gly Gly Asp Gly 210 215 220 Leu Asn Lys Thr Val Leu Gly Gln Val Asn Val Ser Val Val Ala Tyr 225 230 235 240 His Pro Pro Ser Val Asn Leu Thr Pro Arg Ala Ser Leu Phe Asn Lys 245 250 255 Thr Phe Glu Ala Val Cys Ala Val Ala Asn Tyr Phe Pro Arg Ser Thr 260 265 270 Lys Leu Thr Trp Tyr Leu Asp Gly Lys Pro Ile Glu Arg Gln Tyr Ile 275 280 285 Ser Asp Thr Ala Ser Val Trp Ile Asp Gly Leu Ile Thr Arg Ser Ser 290 295 300 Val Leu Ala Ile Pro Thr Thr Glu Thr Asp Ser Glu Lys Pro Asp Ile 305 310 315 320 Arg Cys Asp Leu Glu Trp His Glu Ser Pro Val Ser Tyr Lys Arg Phe 325 330 335 Thr Lys Ser Val Ala Pro Asp Val Tyr Tyr Pro Pro Thr Val Ser Val 340 345 350 Thr Phe Ala Asp Thr Arg Ala Ile Cys Asp Val Lys Cys Val Pro Arg 355 360 365 Asp Gly Ile Ser Leu Met Trp Lys Ile Gly Asn Tyr His Leu Pro Lys 370 375 380 Ala Met Ser Ala Asp Ile Leu Ile Thr Gly Pro Cys Ile Glu Arg Pro 385 390 395 400 Gly Leu Val Asn Ile Gln Ser Met Cys Asp Ile Ser Glu Thr Asp Gly 405 410 415 Pro Val Ser Tyr Thr Cys Gln Thr Ile Gly Tyr Pro Pro Ile Leu Pro 420 425 430 Gly Phe Tyr Asp Thr Gln Val Tyr Asp Ala Ser Pro Glu Ile Val Ser 435 440 445 Glu Ser Met Leu Val Ser Val Val Ala Val Ile Leu Gly Ala Val Leu 450 455 460 Ile Thr Val Phe Ile Phe Ile Thr Ala Leu Cys Leu Tyr Tyr Ser His 465 470 475 480 Pro Arg Arg Leu 8 193 PRT Feline herpesvirus 1 8 Met Gln Gly Met Arg Ser Thr Ser Gln Pro Leu Val Glu Ile Pro Leu 1 5 10 15 Val Asp Met Glu Pro Gln Pro Ser Ile His Ser Asn Glu Pro Asn Pro 20 25 30 Pro Asn Lys Met Leu Thr Thr Ala Ile Ser Ser Arg Arg Ser Gly Ile 35 40 45 Phe Leu Phe Ser Leu Gly Met Phe Phe Phe Gly Val Ile Leu Thr Ala 50 55 60 Thr Ile Ile Val Cys Thr Phe Ile Phe Thr Ile Pro Val Asp Met Leu 65 70 75 80 Gln Met Pro Arg Cys Pro Gly Gly Thr Val Gly Ile Lys Asn Cys Cys 85 90 95 Ile Arg Pro Ile Arg Arg His Val Lys Ser His Gln Asp Leu Val Ala 100 105 110 Thr Cys Ala Glu Tyr Met Glu Gln Pro Ala Thr Ala Ser Ala Val Gly 115 120 125 Ala Leu Ile Pro Leu Leu Asp Ile Phe Asn Gly Asp Gly Ile Ser Thr 130 135 140 Asn Asp Ser Leu Tyr Asp Cys Ile Leu Ser Asp Glu Lys Lys Ser Cys 145 150 155 160 Asn Thr Ser Met Ala Val Cys Gln Ser Thr Tyr Leu Pro Asn Pro Leu 165 170 175 Ser Asp Phe Ile Met Arg Val Arg Gln Ile Phe Ser Gly Ile Leu Asn 180 185 190 His 9 298 PRT Feline herpesvirus 1 9 Ile Leu Gly Ser Ile Glu Arg Gly Arg Arg Arg Ser Thr Arg Glu Arg 1 5 10 15 Ala Lys Thr Glu Arg Arg Cys Val Ser Gln Met Met Thr His Ile Asp 20 25 30 Arg Gln Ser Leu Pro Leu Pro Ser Pro Pro Thr Pro His Ala His His 35 40 45 Asp Val Thr Tyr Pro Pro Ala Val Ile Thr Pro Pro Asn Pro Tyr Met 50 55 60 Gly Met Ala Ser Leu Leu Ala Ser Pro Leu Thr Pro Arg Asp Ile Ser 65 70 75 80 Ser Pro Gly Leu Gly Asp His Pro Ser Asn Thr Pro Asp Gly Val Glu 85 90 95 Gly Cys Phe His Arg Thr Pro Leu Arg Ser Asp Ala Arg Thr Lys Gln 100 105 110 Leu Asp Asp Arg Phe Asp Ser Ser Asp Cys Asp Gly Thr Pro Tyr Thr 115 120 125 Ser Leu Asp Asp Ile Arg Pro Glu Glu Ser Glu Asp His Ile Asn Asn 130 135 140 Pro Ser Tyr Gly Leu Thr Glu Thr Phe Asn Ser Ser Asn Leu Ser Asn 145 150 155 160 Gly Asp Glu Pro Arg Asp Ala Tyr Asn Thr His Tyr Gln His Pro Arg 165 170 175 Cys Ile Ser Pro Glu Asp Thr Ala Gln Ser Arg Gly Ser Ser Ala Ser 180 185 190 Gly Thr Thr Ser Gln Leu Gln Tyr Thr Glu His Tyr Gln Thr Pro Ile 195 200 205 Cys His Lys Lys Cys Gln Cys Ser Lys Pro Gly Gly Pro Lys Gly Asp 210 215 220 Tyr Pro Glu Leu Tyr Asn Glu Cys Gly Asp Val Lys Lys Asn Leu Pro 225 230 235 240 Arg Arg Arg Ser Ser Ser Pro Gly Ile Glu Glu Val Val Glu Arg Phe 245 250 255 Arg Pro Arg Ser Arg Leu Leu Asp Asp Thr Tyr Gly Ile Glu Thr Leu 260 265 270 Ala Thr Leu Asn Ala Ser Ser Ile Lys Arg Ala His Gly Thr Ser Arg 275 280 285 Val Asp Phe Gln Thr His Ala Ile Arg Lys 290 295 10 24 DNA Feline herpesvirus 1 10 cttgccgggg tttaaaccgg ttcg 24 11 32 DNA Feline herpesvirus 1 11 aattcgaacc ggtttaaacc ccggcaaggt ac 32 12 32 DNA Feline herpesvirus 1 12 tgcaaagctt atcgatcccg gggcccggtg ca 32 13 32 DNA Feline herpesvirus 1 13 ccgggccccg ggatcgataa gctttgcatg ca 32 14 21 DNA Feline herpesvirus 1 14 gggggccgtt taaaccggta c 21 15 17 DNA Feline herpesvirus 1 15 cggtttaaac ggccccc 17 16 28 DNA Feline herpesvirus 1 16 tcgagaaagc ttatcgatcc cgggcccg 28 17 28 DNA Feline herpesvirus 1 17 tcgacgggcc cgggatcgat aagctttc 28 18 40 DNA Feline herpesvirus 1 18 tttgagctcg cggccgcatg aagtaatttt gctaatactc 40 19 27 DNA Feline herpesvirus 1 19 tttggtaccg tttagttaca ccatatg 27 20 30 DNA Feline herpesvirus 1 20 ttgggtaccg cctcgactct aggcggccgc 30 21 32 DNA Feline herpesvirus 1 21 ttgggtaccg gatccgaaaa aacctcccac ac 32 22 39 DNA Feline herpesvirus 1 22 tttgagctcg cggccgcatg attgtgctcg taacttgcc 39 23 38 DNA Feline herpesvirus 1 23 tttggtaccg tttagtggac atgcactttt tcaattgg 38 24 95 DNA Feline herpesvirus 1 24 atgaagctta gtggttatgg tcaacccata gcctcgacac taagtaacat cacactacca 60 atgcaggata acaatactgt tgtgtactgt attcg 95 25 88 DNA Feline herpesvirus 1 25 aaaaatattg taccataaag aacttttgca agtggaatga acataaactg agaattggtt 60 agaacgaata cagtacacaa cagtattg 88 26 20 DNA Feline herpesvirus 1 26 atgaagctta gtggttatgg 20 27 20 DNA Feline herpesvirus 1 27 aaaaatattg taccataaag 20 28 20 DNA Feline herpesvirus 1 28 ggacaatatt tttaatcaag 20 29 36 DNA Feline herpesvirus 1 29 tttaacaacc tgctcattgg ttcctgtacg tgcagc 36 30 36 DNA Feline herpesvirus 1 30 aagttttatg ttgctgcacg tacaggaacc aatgag 36 31 20 DNA Feline herpesvirus 1 31 atcactaaca tttttaaagc 20 32 37 DNA Feline herpesvirus 1 32 tttgagctcg cggccgcatg gccacacagg gacaacg 37 33 33 DNA Feline herpesvirus 1 33 tttggtaccg tttagttcgt aacctcatca atc 33 

What is claimed is:
 1. A recombinant feline herpesvirus (FHV) comprising and expressing at least one nucleic acid molecule encoding a polypeptide, wherein the at least one nucleic acid molecule is inserted into the ORF5 and/or ORF2 site of FHV, which in the FHV-1 CO strain, have the nucleotide sequences 5869-7113 and 1665-2596, of SEQ ID NO: 1, respectively.
 2. The FIV according to claim 1, wherein the at least one nucleic acid molecule is inserted into the ORF5 and ORF2 sites by simple insertion, or after total or partial deletion of these sites.
 3. The FHV according to claim 1, wherein the at least one nucleic acid molecule is inserted into one of the ORF5 and ORF2 sites, and a deletion is carried out in the other site.
 4. The FHV according to claim 1, wherein the recombinant FHV includes a strong eukaryotic promoter for expression of the at least one nucleic acid molecule.
 5. The FHV according to claim 4, wherein the strong promoter is a CMV immediate early promoter.
 6. The FHV according to claim 1, wherein the recombinant FHV comprises at least two nucleic acid molecules inserted into the ORF5 or ORF2 site under the control of different eukaryotic promoters.
 7. The FHV according to claim 6, wherein the eukaryotic promoters are CMV immediate-early promoters of different animal origins.
 8. The FHV according to claim 6, wherein the recombinant FHV comprises: a first nucleic acid molecule operably linked to a first promoter wherein the first promoter is the CMV immediate-early promoter; and a second nucleic acid molecule operably linked to a second promoter, and, the 5′ end of the promoters are adjacent.
 9. The FHV according to claim 1, wherein the recombinant FHV comprises a nucleic acid molecule encoding an antigenic polypeptide.
 10. The FHV according to claim 9, wherein the nucleic acid molecule encodes an antigenic polypeptide of a feline pathogenic agent.
 11. The FHV according to claim 10, wherein the nucleic acid molecule encodes an antigen selected from the group consisting of: the antigens of the feline infectious peritonitis virus, the antigens of feline leukemia virus, the antigens of feline immunodeficiency virus, the antigens of feline infectious panleukopenia virus and the antigens of feline calicivirus.
 12. The FHV according to claim 10, wherein the nucleic acid molecule encodes a polypeptide from feline infectious peritonitis virus selected from the group consisting of M, modified S and N.
 13. The FHV according to claim 10, wherein the at least one nucleic acid molecule comprises a nucleic acid molecule encoding an antigen selected from the group consisting of the env antigen of feline leukemia virus, the gag antigen of feline leukemia virus, the pol antigen of the feline leukemia virus, the env antigen of feline immunodeficiency virus, the gag antigen of feline immunodeficiency virus, the pol antigen of the feline immunodeficiency virus, the VP2 capsid antigen of the feline infectious panleukopenia virus, the capsid antigen of feline calicivirus, the M antigen of feline infectious peritonitis virus, the modified S antigen of feline infectious peritonitis virus, the N antigen of feline infectious peritonitis virus, the 7b antigen of feline infectious peritonitis virus, and the polymerase antigen of the feline infectious peritonitis virus.
 14. The FHV according to claim 6, wherein the recombinant FHV comprises: a first nucleic acid molecule under the control of a first promoter comprising the CMV immediate-early promoter, and said first nucleic acid molecule encodes the M, N, or modified S polypeptide from feline infectious peritonitis virus; and a second nucleic acid molecule under the control of a promoter and the second nucleic acid molecule encodes an antigen for another feline disease.
 15. The FHV according to claim 1, wherein the nucleic acid molecule encodes an immunomodulatory polypeptide.
 16. The FHV according to claim 15, wherein the nucleic acid molecule encodes a cytokine.
 17. A vaccine comprising a vector according to any one of claims 1-16.
 18. A vaccine comprising a recombinant feline herpesvirus (FHV) comprising and expressing a nucleic acid molecule encoding the VP2 capsid antigen of feline infectious panleukopenia virus.
 19. The vaccine according to claim 18, wherein the nucleic acid molecule is inserted into the ORF5 or the ORF2 site of FHV, which, in the FHV-1 CO strain, have the nucleotide sequences 5869-7113 and 1665-2596, of SEQ ID NO: 1, respectively.
 20. A vaccine comprising a recombinant feline herpesvirus (FHV) comprising and expressing a nucleic acid molecule encoding the capsid antigen of feline calicivirus, wherein the nucleic acid molecule is inserted into the ORF5 or the ORF2 site of FHV, which, in the FHV-1 CO strain, have the nucleotide sequences 5869-7113 and 1665-2596, of SEQ ID NO: 1, respectively.
 21. A vaccine comprising a recombinant feline herpesvirus (FHV) comprising and expressing a nucleic acid molecule encoding an antigen of feline infectious peritonitis virus, wherein the antigen is chosen from among the group consisting of M, modified S, N, 7b and polymerase and wherein the nucleic acid molecule is inserted into the ORF5 or the ORF2 site of FHV, which, in the FHV-1 CO strain, have the nucleotide sequences 5869-7113 and 1665-2596, of SEQ ID NO: 1, respectively.
 22. A vaccine comprising a recombinant feline herpesvirus (FHV) comprising and expressing a nucleic acid molecule encoding an antigen of the feline immunodeficiency virus, wherein the antigen is chosen among the group consisting of env, gag and pol, and wherein the nucleic acid molecule is inserted into the ORF5 or the ORF2 site of FHV, which, in the FHV-1 CO strain, have the nucleotide sequences 5869-7113 and 1665-2596, of SEQ ID NO: 1, respectively.
 23. A vaccine comprising a recombinant feline herpesvirus (FHV) comprising and expressing a nucleic acid molecule encoding an antigen of feline leukemia virus, wherein the antigen is chosen among the group consisting of env, gag and pol, and wherein the nucleic acid molecule is inserted into the ORF5 or the ORF2 site of FHV, which, in the FHV-1 CO strain, have the nucleotide sequences 5869-7113 and 1665-2596, of SEQ ID NO:1, respectively.
 24. A vaccine comprising a recombinant feline herpesvirus (FHV) comprising and expressing at least one nucleic acid molecule encoding a polypeptide, wherein at least one acid nucleic molecule is inserted into the ORF5 and/or ORF2 site of FHV, which in the FHV-1 CO strain, have the nucleotide sequences 5869-7113 and 1665-2596, of SEQ ID NO: 1, respectively.
 25. The vaccine according to claim 24, wherein the at least one nucleic acid molecule is inserted into the ORF5 and/or ORF2 sites by simple insertion, or after total or partial deletion of these sites.
 26. The vaccine according to claim 24, wherein the at least one nucleic acid molecule is inserted into one of the ORF5 and ORF2 sites, and a deletion is carried out in the other site.
 27. The vaccine according to claim 24, wherein the recombinant FHV includes a strong eukaryotic promoter for expression of the at least one nucleic acid molecule.
 28. The vaccine according to claim 27, wherein the strong promoter is a CMV immediate early promoter.
 29. The vaccine according to claim 24, wherein the recombinant FHV comprises at least two nucleic acid molecules inserted into the ORF5 or ORF2 site under the control of different eukaryotic promoters.
 30. The vaccine according to claim 29, wherein the eukaryotic promoters are CMV immediate-early promoters of different animal origins.
 31. The vaccine according to claim 29, wherein the recombinant FHV comprises: a first nucleic acid molecule operably linked to a first promoter wherein the first promoter is the CMV immediate-early promoter; and a second nucleic acid molecule operably linked to a second promoter, and, the 5′ end of the promoters are adjacent.
 32. The vaccine according to claim 24, wherein the recombinant FHV comprises a nucleic acid molecule encoding an antigenic polypeptide.
 33. The vaccine according to claim 32, wherein the nucleic acid molecule encodes an antigenic polypeptide of a feline pathogenic agent.
 34. The vaccine according to claim 33, wherein the nucleic acid molecule encodes an antigen selected from the group consisting of: the antigens of the feline infectious peritonitis virus, the antigens of feline leukemia virus, the antigens of feline immunodeficiency virus, the antigens of feline infectious panleukopenia virus and the antigens of feline calicivirus.
 35. The vaccine according to claim 33, wherein the nucleic acid molecule encodes a polypeptide from feline infectious peritonitis virus selected from the group consisting of M, modified S and N.
 36. The vaccine according to claim 33, wherein the at least one nucleic acid molecule comprises a nucleic acid molecule encoding an antigen selected from the group consisting of the env antigen of feline leukemia virus, the gag antigen of feline leukemia virus, the pol antigen of the feline leukemia virus, the env antigen of feline immunodeficiency virus, the gag antigen of feline immunodeficiency virus, the pol antigen of the feline immunodeficiency virus, the VP2 capsid antigen of the feline infectious panleukopenia virus, the capsid antigen of feline calicivirus, the M antigen of feline infectious peritonitis virus, the modified S antigen of feline infectious peritonitis virus, the N antigen of feline infectious peritonitis virus, the 7b antigen of feline infectious peritonitis virus, and the polymerase antigen of the feline infectious peritonitis virus.
 37. The vaccine according to claim 29, wherein the recombinant FHV comprises: a first nucleic acid molecule under the control of a first promoter comprising the CMV immediate-early promoter, and said first nucleic acid molecule encodes the M, N, or modified S polypeptide from feline infectious peritonitis virus; and a second nucleic acid molecule under the control of a promoter and the second nucleic acid molecule encodes an antigen for another feline disease.
 38. The vaccine according to claim 24, wherein the nucleic acid molecule encodes an immunomodulatory polypeptide.
 39. The vaccine according to claim 38, wherein the nucleic acid molecule encodes a cytokine.
 40. An immunogenic composition comprising a recombinant feline herpesvirus (FHV) comprising and expressing a nucleic acid molecule encoding the VP2 capsid antigen of feline infectious panleukopenia virus.
 41. An immunogenic composition according to claim 40, wherein the nucleic acid molecule is inserted into the ORF5 or the ORF2 site of FHV, which, in the FHV-1 CO strain, have the nucleotide sequences 5869-7113 and 1665-2596, of SEQ ID NO: 1, respectively.
 42. An immunogenic composition comprising a recombinant feline herpesvirus (FHV) comprising and expressing a nucleic acid molecule encoding the capsid antigen of feline calicivirus, wherein the nucleic acid molecule is inserted into the ORF5 or the ORF2 site of FHV, which, in the FHV-1 CO strain, have the nucleotide sequences 5869-7113 and 1665-2596, of SEQ ID NO: 1, respectively.
 43. An immunogenic composition comprising a recombinant feline herpesvirus (FHV) comprising and expressing a nucleic acid molecule encoding an antigen of feline infectious peritonitis virus, wherein the antigen is chosen among the group consisting of M, modified S, N, 7b and polymerase and wherein the nucleic acid molecule is inserted into the ORF5 or the ORF2 site of FHV, which, in the FHV-1 CO strain, have the nucleotide sequences 5869-7113 and 1665-2596, of SEQ ID NO: 1, respectively.
 44. An immunogenic composition comprising a recombinant feline herpesvirus (FHV) comprising and expressing a nucleic acid molecule encoding an antigen of the feline immunodeficiency virus, wherein the antigen is chosen among the group consisting of env, gag and pol, and wherein the nucleic acid molecule is inserted into the ORF5 or the ORF2 site of FHV, which, in the FHV-1 CO strain, have the nucleotide sequences 5869-7113 and 1665-2596, of SEQ ID NO: 1, respectively.
 45. An immunogenic composition comprising a recombinant feline herpesvirus (FHV) comprising and expressing a nucleic acid molecule encoding an antigen of feline leukemia virus, wherein the antigen is chosen among the group consisting of env, gag and pol, and wherein the nucleic acid molecule is inserted into the ORF5 or the ORF2 site of FHV, which, in the FHV-1 CO strain, have the nucleotide sequences 5869-7113 and 1665-2596, of SEQ ID NO:1, respectively. 